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20,000 to 12,000 BC
Asian peoples migrate to North America across the Bering Strait
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9,000 BC
Global warming led to the extinction of mammoths and other large game animals
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1500 BC
Agriculture developed in North America
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300 BC
Beginning of Anasazi culture
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AD 900-1100
Mississippian culture
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AD 982
Erik the Red reached North America
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AD 1001
Leif Erikson established a Norse settlement in North America
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AD 1150
Anasazi culture vanished
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1418
Portugal took the Madeira Islands and begins colonization
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1477
Marco Polo's travel published in Europe
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1492
Columbus landed in the New World
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1497
John Cabot was first English explorer to North America
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1498
Vasco da Gama reached India via Cape of Good Hope
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1493-1555
Spanish savagery and European diseases decimated Native populations in the Caribbean and Central America
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1519-1522
Magellan's expedition sailed around the world
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1512-1565
Spain explored the Southern portion of North America
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1519-1521
Cortez conquered the Aztecs
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1532-1535
Pizarro conquered the Incas
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1565
Spain found a colony at St. Augustine, Florida
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1585-1588
The first English colonization attempt failed at Roanoke
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1607
Jamestown founded by England's Virginia Company
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1608
Champlain planted French colonies at Quebec and Acadia
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1612
John Rolfe planted the first English tobacco crop
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Folsom Points
Nineteen flint spear points discovered near Folsom NM which proved the first americans migrated to the western hemisphere at least 10,000 years ago.
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Land Bridge to Alaska
The Bering Strait between Asia and Alaska was exposed ground during the last ice age and used by the first Americans to migrate to America from Asia
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Agricultural Revolution
The transition from hunting and gathering societies to the domestication of plants and animals allowed vast changes in lifestyles and technology
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Incas
Advanced Native American civilization of the Andes
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Aztecs
Advanced Native American civilization of the South Central Mexican Plateau
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Mayans
Advanced Native American civilization of the Yucatan Peninsula
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Tenochtitlan
Capital of the Aztecs
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Anasazi
cliff dwelling Native Americans in the southwest
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Mound builders
Mississippian Native americans built earthen burial grounds
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Cahokia
largest settlement of the mississippi culture
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Leif Erikson
norse leader that founded a settlement in north america in 1001
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Prince henry the navigator
Portugese prince
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treaty of tordesillas
negotiated by Pope alexander the vi, treaty divided new territory by a line of longitude west belonged to spain and east belonged to Portugal
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Amerigo Vespucci
Italian explorer where America got it's name. he first proved that Columbus had not reached asia
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Ferdinand Magellan
first to sail around the world in 1522
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Requerimiento
spanish document that informed natives of the truth of christianity and the necessity to swear immediate allegience to the Pope and the crown
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Conqestidores
spanish explorers of the native people in the sixteenth century
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hernan cortes
conquestidor that conquered the aztecs
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montezuma
chief of the aztecs
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fransicso pizarro
conquestodor that conquered the incas
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hernando de soto
conquestodor that explored the southeastern united states
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ecomiendas
licenses granted by spain to adventurers in the new world that rewarded them with possession of conquered native villages
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menendez de aviles
founded st augustine in 1565
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mestizos
mixed persons with spanish and native american
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columbian exchange
raw materials shipped from the new world to europe in exhange for european manufactured goods
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john cabot
first english explorer to north america in 1497
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giovanni da verrazzano
earliest explorer to new world from france
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jacques cartier
french explorer searching for northwest passage and wealthy kingdom known as saguenay.
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northwest passage
nonexistent passage sought by europeans through north america to asia
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samuel de champlain
eleven voyages to the area that is now canada between 1600-1635..planting residence in quebec in 1608 and nova scotia
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quebec
french canada along the st lawrence at montreal
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acadia
french canada along the atlantic now nova scotia
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Huguenots
french protestants
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Jesuits
well educated but religiously uncompromising catholic order that established missions in New France
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John Baptiste Colbert
french minister to the king louis xiv that forstered population growth in new france
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father jacques marquette
jesuit priest that explored the mississippi river in 1673
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robert de la salle
explored the mississippi fiver for the french in 1683
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Roanoke
first english attempt at colonization in north america in 1585 that ended in failure due to conflict with natives in 1588
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sir walter raleigh
responsible for planting the english at roanoke
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king henry the viii
broke england from the catholic church and became the church of england because they would not grant him a divorce
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Act of supremacy 1534
Declared Henry viii, instead of pope, the ecclesiastical sovereign of England
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Puritans
Protestant religious group that viewed the anglican church as corrupt and sought purification of the anglican church
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