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common muscle probs in DM and PM
- PROXIMAL muscle weakness
- dysphonia
- SOB
- dysphagia
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Skin signs in dermatomyositis
- purple heliotrope rash on eyelids
- gottron's papules - rough patch on elbows and knuckles
- mechanics hands - painful, cracked palm skin
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describe colour changes in raynauds and explain why happen
- white - ischaemia
- blue - venous congestion, cyanosis
- red - reactive hyperaemia
- COLD WEATHER and emotional precipitant
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give 3 features that distinguish diffuse from limited systemic sclerosis and which antibody
- lung fibrosis (not pulm HTN)
- renal disease
- cardiac disease
- anti topo isomerase Ab and anti RNA polymerase
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features of limited systemic sclerosis and which Ab
- CREST
- calcinosis
- raynauds
- oesophageal dysmotility
- sclerodactyly
- telangiectasia
- pulm HTN
- anti centromere Ab
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2 first line Inv for diffuse sys sc and one treatment
- U&E - for renal disease
- CXR - pulm fibrosis
- Rx: cyclophosphamide iv (SE haemorrhagic cystitis)
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What are mechanics hands and which disease assoc
dry cracked palms in dermatomyositis
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What are Gottren's papules and which disease assoc?
Red elbow and knuckle rash, dermatomyositis
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What is heliotrope rash and which disease assoc?
purple rash on eyelids, Dermatomyositis
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first investigation and treatment for dermatomyositis
- inv: CK
- Treatment: oral prednisolone
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Why do you get dental caries and parotid swelling in Sjogren's?
- dental caries due to xerostoma
- parotid swelling as salivary glands are sclerosed, to compensate the parotids hypertrophy
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Give 2 examples of large vessel vasculitis
- Giant cell arteritis
- Takayasu's arteritis - aortic arch syndrome. get brain, eye, upper limb and systemic symptoms. get aneurysm due to inflammation of artery
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2 examples of medium size vasculitis
- PAN polyarteritis nodosa
- Kawasaki disease
-
Small vessel vasculitis
- Wegener's granulomatosis
- Churg Strauss
- Henoch Schonlein Purpura
- Goodpasture's syndrome
- Microscopic polyangitis
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