mo 100

relating to the skin

outermost layer of the skin; made up of epithelial tissues

form a protective covering for all of the internal and external surfaces of the body

forms the upper layer of the epidermis

lowest layer of the epidermis; here the cells are produced and then pushed upward.  

fibrous, water-repellent protein.  Major component of hair, skin and nails

cells that produce melanin

corium; the thick layer of living tissue directly below the epidermis; contains connective tissue,blood and lymph vessels, and nerve fibers, as well as the hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

sensory receptors in the dermis for stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain and pressure.

glue; a tough, yet flexible, fibrous protein material found in the skin and in the bones, tendons, cartilage and ligaments

found in the connective tisue of the dermis, respond to injury, infection, or allergy by producing and releasing substances, including heparin and histamine.

released in response to an injury; anticoagulant.

released in response to allergens, causes the signs of an allergic response

located just below the skin, connects the skin to the surface muscles

production and excretion of sweat

rod-like structures composed of tightly fused, dead protein cells filled with hard keratin

tiny muscle fibers attached to the hair follicles that cause the hair to stand erect.

commonly known as a fingernail or toenail.  the keratin plate protecting the dorsal surface of the last bone of each finger and toe

translucent, made of up hard keratinized plates of epidermal cells and is closely molded to the surface of the underlying tissues

joins the nail body to the underlying connective tisue, nourishes the nail

the portion of the nail not attached to the nail bed, extends beyond the tip of the finger or toe

a pale half moon shaped region at every nail root 

a narrow band of epidermis attached to the surface of the nail just in front of the root, protecting the new keratin cells as they form

fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin

a noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle

a closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that is found just under the skin; these cysts contain yellow, fatty material and are usually found on the face, neck, or trunk

overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum

an inflammation that causes scaling and itching  of the upper layers of the skin or scalp; ex: extensive dandruff

a benign skin growth that has a waxy or "pasted-on" look.  These growths occur most commonly in the elderly.  Can vary in color from light tan to black

abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat

profuse sweating; a normal condition when brough on by heat or exertion, but can also be the body's response to emotional or physical distress

a condition of  sweating in one area or over the whole body

heat rash or prickly heat; an intensely itchy rash caused by blockage of the sweat glands by bacteria and dead cells.

night sweats; the occurrence of excessive hyperhidrosis during sleep

baldness; complete or partial loss of hair in men

an autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body

an uncommon condition characterized by the loss of all the hair on the scalp

the total loss of hair on all parts of the body

occurring in patches

head

total

a condition in which the hair thins in the front and on the sides of the scalp and sometimes on the crown of women; rarely leads to total hair loss

a common hair-loss pattern in men,with the hairline receding from the front to the back until only a horseshoe-shaped area of hair remains

abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips.

spoon nail; malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon; indication of iron deficiency anemia

an inflammation of the matrix of the nail that usually results in the loss of the nail

ingrown toenail

a fungal infection of the nail; can cause the nails to turn white, yellow, green or black and to become thick and brittle

means nail biting or nail eating

an acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around a nail

melasma or mask of pregnancy; a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face.  

a skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes

an injury to underlying tissues without breaking the skin and is characterized by discoloration and pain. Caused by an accumulation of blood within the skin

bruise; a large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin

the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin; these areas are smaller than ecchymosis and larger than petechiae

very small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are less than 2 mm in diameter. sometimes result from high fevers

a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues; sometimes caused by an injury

a pathologic change in the tissues due to disease or injury

scab; a collection of dried serum and cellular debris

a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter. Freckles or flat moles are examples

a solid raised skin lesion that is larger than 0.5 cm in diameter and deeper than a papule

a small raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter and does not contain pus; small pimples and insect bites are examples

a scaly, solid raised area of closely spaced papules; the lesions of psoriasis, for example

flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells

warts; small hard skin lesions caused by the human papilloma virus

welt; a small bump that itches

a closed pocket containing pus that is caused by a bacterial infection

producing or containing pus

an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material

pimple; a small circumscribed lesion containing pus

a small blister, less than 0.5 cm in diameter, containing watery fluid

a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter

an ulcerated area in which prolonged pressure has caused tissue death

an open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss around the edges

a soft, raised dark reddish purple birthmark, a benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels.

localized allergic response caused by contact with an irritant

itching

redness of the skin due to capillary dilation

a skin disorder resulting from a generalized allergic reaction to an illness, infection or medication.  Characterized by a rash that may appear as nodules or papules, macules, or vesicles or bullae

fifth disease; a mildy contagious viral infection that is common in childhood.  Produces a red lace like rash on the childs face

chilblains; a purple red inflammation that occurs when the small blood vessels below the skin are damaged, usually due to exposure to cold and damp weather.

abnormal redness of the entire skin surface

a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritis, erythoderma, and hair loss

a general term used to denote skin lesions or eruptions of any type that are not associated with inflammation

a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened and scaly skin.

painful fat syndrome; a chronic abnormal condition that is characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of tehe hips and legs

an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly, rash on the face and upper trunk.  

common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp and back and buttocks

characterized by tiny red pimples and broken blood vessels; also known as adult acne

bulbous nose; usually occurs in older men; characterized by hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose 

an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen

hives; itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction

cluster of connected furuncles

an acute, rapidly spreading infection within the connective tissues that is characterized by malaise, swelling, warmth and red streaks.  

boils; large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staph infection around hair follicle or sebaceous glands

highly contagious bacterial skin infection that commonly occurs in children; characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture

fungal infection tha can grow on the skin, hair or nails. AKA ringworm.

jock itch

a fungal infection that causes painless, discolored areas on the skin

tissue that normally forms during the healing of a wound

a general term used to describe small, knot like swellings of granulation tissue in the epidermis

an abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the incision

any skin growth, in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin

moles; small dark skin growths that develop from melanocytes in the skin

a mushroom like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane

small flesh colored or light brown polyps that hang from the body by fine stalks

precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun damaged skin.  Looks like a red scaly patch  and feels like sandpaper

a malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis.  Most common and least harmful type of skin cancer, because it is slow growing and rarely spreads

originates as a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells; can quickly spread to other body systems.

a type of skin cancer that originates in the melanocytes; most serious type of skin cancer.

technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope

removal of material from the surface by scraping

technique used to treat skin cancer; individual layers of cancerous tissue are removed and examined under a microscope one at a time until all cancerous tissue has been removed

L.A.S.E.R. stands for:

skin graft; replacement of damaged skin with healthy tissue taken from a donor site on the patients body

use of electric current to destroy hair follicles in order to produce unwanted hair removal

facelift; surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face to eliminate wrinkles

used in the treatment of spider veins; injects a sclerosing solution into the vein being treated.