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Anterior pituitary
GH - growth hormone
TSH - thyroid-stimulating hormone
ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone
PRL - prolactine
FSH - follicle-stimulating hormone
LH - luteinizing hormone
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Posterior Pituitary
ADHÂ - antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin
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Thyroid
T3 - thyroxine
T4 - triiodothyronine
Calcitonin
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Parathyroids
PTH - parathyroid hormone
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Adrenal medulla
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
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Adrenal cortex
Coritsol (95% glucocoricoids)
Aldosterone (95% Mineralocoricoids)
Sex hormones
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Panacreatic Islets
Insulin (B-cells)
Glucagon (A-cells)
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Ovaries
Estrogen
Progesterone
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Thymus
Thymosin
Promotes growth of T-cells active in immunity
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Pineal
Melatonin
regulates mood, sexual development & daily cycles in response to the amount of light in the environment.
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Growth hormone - GH
Anterior Pituitary
Promotes growth of all body tissues
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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone - TSH
Anterior Pituitary
Stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones
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Adrenocoticotropic - ACTH
Anterior Pituitary
Stimulates adrenal cortex to produce cortical hormones; aids in protecting body in stress situations (injury, pain)
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Prolactin - PRL
Anterior Pituitary
Stimulates milk secretion by mammary glands
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone - FSH
Anterior Pituitary
Stimulates growth & hormone activity of ovarian follicles and growth of testes: promotes development of sperm cells
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Luteinizing hormone - LH
Anterior Pituitary
Causes development of corpus luteum at site of ruptured ovarian follicle in female; sitmulates testosterone secretion in male.
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Antidiuretic Hormone - ADH
Posterior Pituitary
Also known as vasopressin
Causes kidneys to conserve water by decreasing the amount of urine produces; at high concentration stimulates constriction of blood vessels causing increased blood pressure.
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Oxytocin
Posterior Pituitary
Uterine contractions; milk ejection from mammary glands
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Throxine - T4 and Triiodothyronine - T3
Thyroid
- Growth & Development (physical & Mental)
- Metabolism (increases rate)
- Activity of the nervous system
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Parathyroid Hormone - PTH
Parathyroid
- increases calcium in the blood
- regulates phosphorus in the blood.
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Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenal Medulla
- Increases blood pressure & heart rate: activates cells influenced by sympathetic nervous system plus many not affeted by sympathetic nerves.
- Liver releases glocuse for immediate energy
- Fight or Flight
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Cortisol (Glucocorticoids)
Adrenal cortex
Aids in metabolism of carbohydrates, protiens and fats; active during stress. also exhibits antiinflammatory properties
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Aldosterone (Mineralocorticoid)
Adrenal cortex
- Aids in regulating electrolytes and water balance.
- Decreases potassium & Increases sodium in the bloodstream. (Retentions of sodium causes retention of water and causes increase in blood pressure)
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Sex hormones
Adrenal Cortex
May influence secondary sexual characteristics
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Insulin
Pancreatic islets, B-cells
Transports glucose into cells; cellular metabolism of food especially glucose, decreases blood sugar.
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Glucagon
Pancreatic islets A-cells
Stimulates liver to release glucose into cells; increases blood sugar.
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Testerone
Testes
Stimulates growth and development of testes and penis and secondary sexual characteristics (body and facial hair, voice change, stimulates maturation of sperm cells)
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Estrogen
Ovaries
Stimulates growth of uterus and tubes and development of secondary sexual organs (breasts) changes in pelvis
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Progesterone
Ovaries
Stimulates development of secretory tissue of mammary glands and uterine lining for implantation of fertilized ovum: aids in maintaining pregnancy.
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Thymosin
Thymus
Promotes growth of T-cells active for immunity
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Melatonin
Pineal
Regulages mood, sexual development, daily cycles in response to the amount of light in the environment.
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Tetany
Spasms as a result of low calcium in the blood.
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