MNT1_CH14

a method of dietary assessment in which an individual is asked to remember everything eaten during the previous 24 hours

loss of sense of taste

loss of sense of smell

the science of measuring the size, weight, and proportions of the human body

a precise body composition analysis technique that uses a small electrical current to estimate total body water, fat-free mass, fat mass, and body cell mass

a detailed dietary record; may include a 24-hour recall, food frequency questionnaire, food diary, and other information such as weight history, previous diet changes, use of supplements, and food intolerances

data about food consumption, including information on appetite, eating patterns, and estimations of typical nutrient intake

diminished or distorted sense of taste

a written record of the amounts of all foods and liquids consumed during a set time, usually 3 to 7 days; often includes information on eating time, place, and situation

a method of dietary assessment in which the data collected relate to how often and in what amount foods are consumed (e.g., servings per week, month, or year)

assessment of stature and change in stature for a child at a specific age and over time, compared with a norm

a process by which food, beverage, and supplement intake is evaluated for nutrient content over a specified period of time

the science of determining nutrition status by analyzing an individual's medical, dietary, and social history; anthropometric data; biochemical data; clinical data; and drug-nutrient interactions

a process used to identify nutritional problems and risk factors

The purpose of a nutrition screen is to quickly identify individuals who are at a nutritional risk and determine whether a more detailed assessment is warranted.

a measurement of the extent to which an individual's physiologic need for nutrients is being met

The balance between nutrient intake and nutrient requirements is the nutrition status.

the distance around the smallest girth below the rib cage and above the umbilicus (belly button); provides a risk prediction for obesity-related disease; used in patients with a body mass index of up to 35

assessment of weight and change in weight for a child at a specific age and over time, compared with a norm

a standard for evaluating the growth of children that gives the percentile rankings for weight according to specfic lengths or heights but disregarding age

1. Assessment of nutrition status

2. Identification of nutritional diagnoses

• 3. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) interventions
• such as dietary change, nutritional supplements, education, counseling, or referrals

4. Monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of the interventions

Ideal Body Weight

Usual Body Weight

per·i·na·tal [ pèrrə náyt'l ]   

• around time of childbirth: 
• relating to or occurring during the period around childbirth, specifically from around week 28 of pregnancy to around one month after the birth

Body Mass Index

BMI = Weight / (height in inches X height in inches) X 703

Estimated Gestational Age

Gestational age relates to the age of an embryo or fetus (or newborn infant).

Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool

Current weight using BMI, unintentional weight loss using specific cutoff points, and acute disease effect on nutrition intake for greater than 5 days.  Once the scores are added, the overall risk of malnutrition can be determined using three categories: 0 = low risk, 1 = medium risk; and 2 or more = high risk.

1. Identify individuals who require aggressive nutrition support

2.  Restore or maintain an individual's nutrition status

3.  Identify appropriate MNT

4.  Monitor the efficacy of these interventions

ca·chex·i·a   [kuh-kek-see-uh]  noun 

Pathology: general ill health with emaciation, usually occurring in association with cancer or a chronic infectious disease.

Medical: chief complaint, illnesses, family history, psychosocial data, review of problems from the patient's perspective.  Alcohol and drug use, weight gain/loss, mental status/changes, prescription and over-the-counter drugs, physical disabilities...

Social: socioeconomic status, ability to purchase food, living or eating alone, physical/mental handicaps, smoking, drugs, alcohol, confusion....

Medication: drug therapy can be altered by specific foods and the timing of food and meal consumption.  This includes over-the-counter and herbal therapies...

Dietry: collect data on denture issues, changes in taste and smell, anything that may affect/change the normal intake of food as well as a dietary history to obtain dietary intake information...