The value(s) assigned to a population parameter based on the alue of a sample statistic is called ____________.
The sample statistic used to estimate a population parameter is called __________.
an estimate
estimator
A __________ is a single value (or point) used to approximate a population parameter.
Point Estimate
An interval constructed around the value of a sample statistic (point estimate) to estimate the corresponding population paramter is the _______________ or __________.
confidence interval
interval estimate
A ______________ is a range or interval of values used to estimate the true value of a population parameter.
Confidence interval
The ____________ is the probability that the confidence interval actually does contain the population parameter. It is also called the ________ or the _____________.
confidence level
degree of confidence
confidence coefficient
What is the most common choices (3) for the confidence level and ?
Confidence level: 90% with = 0.10
Confidence level: 95% with = 0.05
Confidence level: 99% with = 0.01
When interpreting a confidence interval which is correct to say:
1. "there is a 95% chance that...."
2. "We are 95% confident that the interval..."
Number 2
What is a number on the borderline separating sample statistics that are likely to occur from those that are unlikely to occur?
Critical Value
The number _____ is a critical value that is a z score with the property it separates an area of _____ in the right tail of the standard normal distribution.
The difference between the sample proportion and the population proportion can be thought of as ___________
Margin of Error E
What are the requirements to construct a confidence interval for estimating a population Proportion P and how is the confidence interval found?
1. Requirements:
- sample is a simple random sample.
- conditions for the binaomial distribution are satisfied.
2. Confidence interval
where:
The confidence interval is often expressin in the what equivalent formats?
OR
What is the procedure for constructing a confidence interval for p?
1. Verify requirements are satisfied.
2. Find the critical value that corresponds to the confidence level.
3. Evaluate the margin of error
4. Find the values of the confidence interval limits (rounding to three significant digits)
When analyzing results from polls, what four things should be considered?
1. sample should be a simple random sample.
2. confidence level should be provided.
3. sample size should be provided.
4. Except for relatively rare cases, quality of poll depends on sampling method and size of the sample. population size is usually not a factor.
How is the sample size determined in order to estimate the population proportion p?
1. when an estimate is known?
2. when an estimate is not known?
3. What is the round-off rule for determining sample size?
1. whan an estimate is known:
2. when an estimate is not known:
3. If not a whole number, round the value of n up to the next larger whole number.
If the confidence interval limits are known,
1. how is the point estimate of found?
2. How is the Margin of Error found?
How is the confidence interval or estimating a population mean (with known)?
where
What is the round-off rule for confidence intervals used to estimate ?
When using the orginal set of data, round to one more decimal place than is used for the original set of data.
When the original set of data is unknown, only , is used, round to the same number of decimal places used for the sample mean.
How is the sample size required to estimate a population mean found?
How is a Sample Size with unknown found?
1. use range rule of thumb .
2. Start sample collection process, using the first several values, calculuate the sample standard deviation s and use it in place of
3. Estimate by using results of some other study done earlier.
The difference between the value of a sample statistic obtained from a sample and the value of the corresponding population parameter obtained from the population is called the ______________.
Sampling Error
A ______________ are errors made during collection, recording, and tabulation of data.
nonsampling errors
The sampling error is the difference between the value of a _____________ and the value of the corresponding population parameter.