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NS69:Histology of the Odor and Taste Receptors

  1. What is flavor derived from?
    • Taste
    • Smell
    • Mouth feeling
  2. What four things do we use our senses of taste and smell for?
    • to decide what and whether to eat
    • to decide whether we will care for our young
    • to decide whether and with whom to mate
    • to assert our claim on territory
  3. Where does the olfactory epithelium exist?
    In a very small portion above the nasal conchae
  4. What three things help us to determine the difference between OEp (olfactory epithelium) and CEp (ciliated epithelium)?
    • OEp have:
    • 1. large nerve bundles beneath the epithelium
    • 2. serus glands to wash away the odors from the OEp
    • 3. mucus glands to secrete mucus, which provides a medium for particles to dissolve in
  5. What kind of cells make up the OEp: squamous, cubiodal, columnar?
    None, we don't classify it
  6. What are the 5 types of cells that exist in the OEp?
    • Nerve cells
    • Supporting Cells
    • Stem Cells
    • Glands
    • Nerve Cell Bundles
  7. What do olfactory nerve cells have on their apical end to enhance olfaction?
    • 9 +2 microtubule-arranged immotile cilia (b/c they are w/o certain accessory proteins)
    • form dendritic like arrangement on the end of the olfactory cell
  8. What three things make the olfactory nerve cell really unique?
    • 1. They are the only nerve cell to serve both functions of recieving and transmitting the neural signal.
    • 2. They have stem cells that allow regeneration of neurons
    • 3. Each cell only does one smell. Therefore sense is hard-wired in the sensory organ and doesnot really have to be processed like all the other senses
  9. How often do olfactorary neurons regenerate?
    Why must they regenerate so often?
    • days to weeks
    • b/c of viruses, toxic particles, bacteria
  10. Approximately how many receptor genes are there?
    1000
  11. What is the reasoning behind the one receptor type for each olfaction neuron cell?
    b/c olfaction was first sense to develop evolutionarily, most primative
  12. What type of receptors do most olfactorary cells have on them?
    • G-protein coupled receptors
  13. What is a glomerulus?
    • Where several of the same receptor type neurons synapse
    • Side Note: it's pretty amazing that they are able to do this considering all the challenges they face
  14. What parts of the body are taste buds/papillae located on?
    • the tongue
    • epiglottus
    • palate
    • pharynx
  15. What are the 3 types of papillae?
    • circumvallate
    • foliate
    • fungiform
  16. Where are the gustation cells located in papillae?
    • in fungiform: on the top of the papillae
    • in foliate and circumvallate: on the sides of the papillae
  17. What are the 3 types of cells in tastebuds?
    • supporting cells
    • receptor cells
    • stem cells
  18. How do taste cells stain?
    Lighter
  19. Where do the central processes of taste nerves enter and terminate at?
    They enter in the solitary tract and terminate in the rostral solitary nucleus
  20. What are the five different types of taste receptors?
    • Salt
    • Acids
    • Sweet
    • Bitter
    • Umami
  21. What type of receptors do salt receptors have?
    Na+ channels
  22. What type of receptors do acid/sour cells have?
    H+
  23. What type of receptors do sweet and/or bitter cells use?
    G-coupled protein receptors
  24. What do the so-called Umami receptors detect?
    glutamate
  25. How does the map of different taste sensations of the tongue look?
    it doesn't, no such map exists!!!!!
Author
dvb69339
ID
16568
Card Set
NS69:Histology of the Odor and Taste Receptors
Description
Neuroscience Week 7
Updated

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