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External Abdominal Oblique
- Origin: External surfaces of 5th-12th ribs
- Insertion: Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest
- Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves (t7-T11) and subcostal nn.
- Actions: Compress and support abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk
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Internal Abdominal Oblique
- Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior two thirds of iliac crest, and lateral half of inguinal ligament
- Insertion: Inferior borders of 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, and pubis via conjoint tendon
- Innervation: Thoracoabdominal anterior rami of inferior six thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve
- Actions: Compress and support abdominal viscera; flex and rotate trunk
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Transversus Abdominis
Origin: Internal surfaces of 7th-12th costal cartilages, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral third of inguinal ligament Insertion: Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique, pubic crest, and pectin pubis via conjoint tendon Innervation: Thoracoabdominal anterior rami of inferior six thoracic nerves and first lumbar nerve Actions: Compress and support abdominal viscera
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Rectus Abdominis
- Origin: Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
- Insertion: Xiphoid process and 5th-7th costal cartilages
- Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves and anterior rami of inferior thoracic nerves
- Actions: Flexes trunk (lumbar vertebrae) and compresses abdominal viscera; stabilizes and controls tilt of pelvis (antilordosis)
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Pyramidal
- Origin: Pubic crest of the hip bone
- Insertion: Linea alba
- Innervation: Thoracoabdominal nerves and anterior rami of inferior thoracic nerves
- Actions: Tenses on linea alba
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