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Henry VIII
English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval)
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Elizabeth I
Queen of England who reestablished Protestantism as the state religion of England and who led the defeat of the Spanish Armada.
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Sir Francis Drake
English sailor who was hired by queen Elizibeth to raid spanish ships and was later knighted for his efforts, also helped defeat the Spanish Armada.
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Sir Walter Raleigh
Founded colony at roanoake ilsand which later became the "lost colony"
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primogeniture
system under which only the eldest son could inherit his father's property, forced other sons to come to the New World in search of wealth.
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joint-stock company
An association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock, much like a corporation except that stockholders are liable for the debts of the business. They helped finance colonization in America.
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Virginia Company
Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world.
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John Smith
Helped found and govern Jamestown. His leadership and strict discipline helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter
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“starving time”
The harsh winter of Jamestown between [1609-1610] when there was no food, leaving the settlers to eat anything they could find (cannibalism, dogs, snakes)
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John Rolfe
Englishmen who married Pocahontas and began the planting of tobacco in Jamestown
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House of Burgesses
Elected assembly in colonial Virginia, created in 1618.
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Indentured servants
someone who agreed to work for a number of years in exchange for the cost of a voyage to North America
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Barbados Slave Code
The harsh system of laws governing African labor, first developed in barbados in 1661 and later officially adopted by South Carolina in 1696
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Oliver Cromwell
Lord Protector of England for much of the 1650s, ruling in place of the country's traditional monarchy
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Charles Town
The busiest seaport in the south named after the king, and capital of South Carolina. Was characterized by its aristocratic flavor and religious tolerance.
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squatters
One who settles on land without permission or right.
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buffer
a protective zone between two countries
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George II
Became king of England in 1727, the 13th colony (Georgia) was named after him
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James Oglethorpe
founder of Georgia in 1733; soldier, statesman , philanthropist. Started Georgia as a haven for people in debt because of his interest in prison reform. Almost single-handedly kept Georgia afloat.
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charter
a written document from the king granting land and the authority to set up colonies and colonial government
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