radiology.txt

X-rays travel from an anteriorly placed source to a posteriorly placed detector

Use of motion picture techniques to record a series of x-ray images

Material is injected into vessels and organs to obtain contrast with surrounding tissues when viewed on x-ray and other images

Uses a radiopaque and radiolucent contrast medium

Turning outward

Emission of glowing light that results from exposure to and absorption of radiation from x-rays

Contrast agent used in performing some MRIs

Radioisotope is injected intravenously and has an affinity for tumors and other lesions

Machine to detect gamma rays given off by radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes

High energy rays emitted by radioactive substances in tracer studies

X-ray record of the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes is obtained after injection of contrast material through the vagina and into the endocervical canal

Therapeutic procedures performed by a radiologist

Turned inward

Transducer emits sound waves in short, repetitive phases that move through body tissues and detect interfaces between tissues of different densities; an echo reflection of the soundwaves is formed as the waves hit the various body tissues and bounce back to the transducer

water

water molecules in tissues are lined up by placing the body in a strong magnetic field and relax when the magnetic field is shut down, rates of alignment and relaxation vary from one tissue to another and produce a sharply defined picture

gadolinium

enhances vessels and tissues, increases sensitivity for lesion detection, and helps differentiate between normal and abnormal tissues and structures

Visualizing soft tissues with more water content, spinal cord and brain tumors, joints, tendons, and ligaments, liver masses and head and neck lesions

Technetium-99m

uses of radioactive substances in diagnosis of disease

Radioimmunosay, blood and urine analysis

tracer studies

Transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles

angiography, cholangiography, DSA, hysterosalpingography, myelography, pyelography, and urography

Lung scan, bone scan, lymphoscintigraphy, PET scan, SPECT, technetium-99m sestamibi scan, thallium scan

injection of contrast via a needle through the skin and into the liver

Lying down on one's side with the x-ray beam horizontally positioned

Nuclear medicine imaging that produces pictures of the lymphatic system to identify a sentinel node

Medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances in the diagnosis of disease

Positioned at an angle

Lying on the belly

X-ray record of the kidneys and urinary tract after contrast is injected

Removal of tumors and tissues using radiation

Test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient's blood

Radioactive form of an element; radionuclide

Radioactive form of an element; gives off energy in the form of radiation; radioisotope

Radioactive drug that is administered safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes

Radiology

Image of an area, organ, or tissue of the body obtained from ultrasound, radioactive tracer studies, or computed tomography

Radioactive tracer is injected intravenously, and a computer reconstructs a 3D image based on a composite of many views

Image of sound waves as they bounce off organs in the body

Lying on one's back

Attaching a radionuclide to a chemical and following its path in the body

A pure gamma emitter with a half-life of 6 hours used as a radionuclide in diagnostic imaging

Process of taking a series of images to show an organ in layers or depth

Rate of absorption of a radionuclide into an organ or tissue

Process of taking x-ray images of the urinary tract after injecting contrast

Aids the physician in performing ultrasound procedures

1. Ability to cause exposure (blackening) of a photographic plate, 2. Ability to penetrate different substances to varying degrees, 3. invisibility, 4. travel in straight lines, 5. scattering of x-rays when they come into contact with any material, 6. ionization

denser objects cause greater scatter; less scatter with radiolucent substances

air is least dense and allows greatest transmission, followed by fat, water, and then hard materials

Iodine-containing contrast agents

outline blood vessels and confer additional density to soft tissues

Viewing bony structures and solid masses of the chest and abdomen - chest lesions, bleeding in the brain, ruptured arteries, and bone diseases

Radiopaque materials are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on the x-ray film

To distinguish adjacent body parts composed of substances of the same density from one another

examination of the upper and lower GI tract - UGI series, SBFT, BE study

Same

Glass

Beyond

Digital image communication in medicine - standard protocol for transmission between imaging devices

Diagnostic image

Digital subtraction angiography

Intravenous pyelogram

Endoscopic ultrasonography

Fluorodeoxyglucose - radiopharmaceutical used in PET scanning

Magnetic resonance venography

Picture archival and communications system - replacement of traditional films with digital equivalents that can be assessed from several places and retrieved more rapidly

Small bowel follow-through

Radiofrequency ablation

Ultrasound, ultrasonography

Thallium-201

Upper gastrointestinal (series)