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government
institute in which society makes and forces public policy
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public policy
all things government does
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3 types of power
legislative, executive, judicial
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judicial-
interprets laws
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state
- government has no higher authority
- ex mexico, u.s.
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4 characteristics of state
population, territory, sovereinty, government
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sovereinty
absolute power within territory
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divine right
15th century, god given right to rule others
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social contract
response to divine right, free formed states to keep safe
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who developed the social contract
John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacque rousseau
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the big deal
that government exists to serve the people
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purpose of government
- form a perfect union
- establish justice
- insure domestic tranquilty
- provide for common defense
- PROMOTE GENERAL WELFARE
- secure thr blessings of liberty
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how many forms of government are there
10
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democracy
of people, by people, for people
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direct
people make policies
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indirect
people vote for others to make policies (republic)
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dictatorship
government is not accountable to anyone
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oligarchy
small self appointed group
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unitary
one national government, lower units have little say in policies
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federal
power is divided between national, state, and local gov
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confederal
smaller regional governmaents hold most power, weak gov.
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presidential
voters select executive and legislative branch members
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parliamentary
executive is chosen from the legislative branch
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concepts of democracy
- majority rule
- minority rights
- individual freedom
- neccesity of compromise
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free enterprise
economic system allows most democracies to work
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4 factors of free interprise
- private ownership
- individual initiative
- profit
- competition
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law of supply and demand
- supply is high+demand is low= prices are low
- supply is low+demand is high=prices are high
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government can...
fully control an economy or let it be free
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u.s. uses a mixed economy to...
- protect the public
- preserve private ownership
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