lecture 9.txt

lecture 9

period of time with little growth where bacterium adopt to new conditions

period of extreme growth and lots of binary fission

time when nutrients run out, toxin are produced, or crowding occurs when bacteria feed off dying bacteria

period where the overall number of bacteria decrease

number of bacteria growing per hour

what is the formula for generation time and what does each mean respectively N=Ne^(ut)

growth factors bacterium produce during exponential phase such as acid, gas and ethanol

growth factors bacterium produce during stationary phase to compete with other bacteria such as antibiotics and bacterioins

cells well adapted to get nutrients from other cells during the death phase

culture in a flask which gives all nutrients in the beginning and waste builds up

using a chemostat nutrients and waste controlled to determine growth rate

apparatus used for a continuous culture

counts all cells alive and dead

grid which allows for counts of immotile cultures; not useful for large numbers

electrode measures interruption of electric current as cells pass through a counter; not good for soil samples

count only live cells in colonies/mL

spread diluted sample over agar for a viable cell count of colonies

pour diluted culture within agar for viable cell count

large volumes can be counted on filter paper

fifteen test tubes with different dilutions are used to determin probability of growth

how cloudy a solution of bacteria is based on measurements of spectrometer; limited to dense bacterium

used to measure acid from fermentation of bacterium

acid from fermentation conducts elections which results in __

upside down test tube used to collect gas bubbles to measure bacterium

enzyme used to nonquantatively tell if live cells remain in a culture by reacting with ATP to produce light