African American studies ExamII

help south and protect blacks

 deal with blacks integration into southern society.  

-Was one of the most famous black men in the country after the death of Fredrick Douglas

• -Founder of the Tuskegee
• Institute →
• Encourage education in agriculture and in industrial
• trades.

•  an accommodationist (compromise) approach to racism and discrimination. (nothing in his
• plan to uplight blacks that would make completion with whites)

He accepted racism. (wasn't athreat to whites)  

1.)Because black are to ignorant for political rights at that moment in time.

2.) It's in the best interest of northern white ( upset southern whites)

3.)It's in the best interest of southen whites ( more votes)

4.)It's not in the interest of Black to participate in political life  

Post- Reconstruction period

• 1910-1930
• -1.5 million Southern Blacks more to Northern Cities

•   -Oppressive race
• relations in the South

• -Depressed economic
• conditions

• -Industrial growth in
• the North  

Forbad the sale of property to Black people  

 (shelly V. Cramer) Case Thurgood marshall won case

200,000

Racial oppression increases.. it develops differently than it had during enslavement.

•  -Education
• -Anti-lynching advocacy
• -Stopping he sexual abuse/attacks on the moral character of black women
• -Health Care
• -Job training.  

• -Militant organization demands the right to vote, right to education, abolition of Jim Crow,
• Enforcement of 13th 14th 15h amendments.  

Aggressive

-White liberals make this organization less militant

• -wanted a gradual change not Militant ( Less aggressive campaigns results in change that is
• more enduring)   

• -No real political activity-
• focus is on job training programs, housing, health clinics.  

He made his program a way of life

-It short handed African American

-He is all about money and working. His program doesn't accept that blacks are cable of history and certain studies.

Lack of education 

 -Best of their time, the elite black men 10% of them  

-By establishing black colleges to train black leader to be leaders of culture

is an assertion of African American artistic and cultural expression and identity at the beginning of the 1920s  

the New Negro Movement 

 shows us how Black people were able to use art and music and literature as a reflection of how they saw themselves at this time... the Harlem Renaissance is are flection of ancient African culture that was being restored in American  

-the inclusion of Black people into society

-Forming organizations to secure voting rights, education right.. though non-violence

• -Self- determination
• -Self-respect
• -Self- Defense

that white interest and Black interests are opposed to each other bytheir very nature.

• -African American autonomy  (self determination)
• -varying degrees of African American separation.

unity must be built in the Black community first..before any alliances with others can be formed.

Emphasis on the need for a spiritual renewal.. knowledge of the roots and traditions of one's own people.

+Emphasis on racial unity...divisions by class and gender aren't real

Because race is the category by which oppression is measured

-Spiritual renewal brings discipline necessary for self-knowledge

-Self-reliant people are better able to develop and cultivate self-knowledge

-Self-reliance requires separation from White people

-Embracing Black authenticity requires rejecting “White values”

 there is an economic component that encourages Black self-sufficiency.  

• -Generation
• -Education 
• -Potential    

• 1.) Governor of State
• 2.) US Senator
• 3.)US President

(Entire state votes for these offices)  

• +Black politicians elected during the 1970's (after Civil War)
• +Challenge to white powerstructure  

-Black politicians must build bridges with White votes in their districts 

 

• +During in 1980's, Black politicians are winning in majority-White districts
• +The emergence of the“de-racialized” campaign

• -Current Black politicians,younger born after 1960, challenge other black politicians for office
• -some say that they arenot in touch with the civil rights movement 
• -A challege to the “Oldguard” 
• -De-racialized compain

avoiding references to race specific issues while emphasizing race neutral issues

•  -Avoiding race placatesWhite voters but alienates Black voters 
• -Black politicians can'twin high elective office without White majorities, but can't getelected without core support from Black voters.

the gaps in race equality

people receive from work

saving, realestate, retirement funds,stocks

Benefits those with money

diffent tyes of access to power

12% 14% 37% 56%   

Oprah Winfrey (only 1) #139 for Americans

• Autonomy  
• Self determination 

Becuase they believe black unity must be built in the Black community first..before any alliances with others can beformed.

16

Only 1 Opaha 2billion

middle class young well educated, high income earning white voters

Obama was cautious aboutaligning himself with Al Sharpton and Jesse Jackson-

These areracially-polarizing leader who speak on race- specific issues

1955-1968