Lecture 24.txt

immune system response produced in body due to normal effects

Response produced in response to unnatural events

Producing your own Ig

recieving someone else's Ig

Protection the population has when most individuals are vaccinated

Triggers B cell response in tissue to produce IgA

triggers circulating B cells to result in IgG production

Weakened form of the infectious agent grows in the body but does not produce disease

Infectious agent is not present; mount weak immune response; only humoral

enhances B7 production so that T cells become activated

inactivated toxin used as a vaccine

vaccine that just injects a particular PMP to the body

made with protein conjugate

transgenic plants that you eat; like an oral vaccine

DNA of pathogen are injected so you make the proteins and mount the immune response

concentration of antibodies in serum; titer of 1:256 is more concentrated that 1:16

serum before exposure to disease agent

Serum as you're getting better from the infection while the antibody count is at the max

4 fold change in titer between PIS and CS; evidence that you've been exposed

Antibodies produced from a single B cell that recognize one particular epitope

produced from whole blood serum; contains IgG to many epitopes

study of blood serum

antibodies cross-link antigens forming large insoluble aggregates

Antibody is added to center well of petri dish; antigens are in surrounding wells; they diffues and make a line of precipitin where they meet

antigens are separated based on charge through electrophoresis, serum is added to trough, they diffuse and meet at a line of precipitin

large antigen-antibody cross linking; clumps antigen together

detected by clumpin in agglutination tests

enhanced visibility in agglutination by attaching latex beads to Fc part

Bind known antibodies with flourescently tagged Fc ends to patient sample that may contain antigen

1. bind antibodies from patient to known antigen 2. bind anti Fc secondary antibodies to primary antibodies

known antibodies are attached to the bottom of the well, patients serum is added, antibodies with enzymes are added, substrate for enzyme is added, if there is a color change the antigen is present in the serum. answers questions like does the patient have hepatitis

known antigen is attached to well, patient serum with possible antibodies is added, anti Fc antibodies with enzyme are added, substrate for enzyme is added, colored product= positive test, answers questions like has patient ever had hepatitis?

separate antigens by electrophoresis, transfer to filter paper, add primary antibodies, add secondary antibodies, add substrate for enzyme, see where antigen was on gel

attaches to antigen; found in serum

attaches to antibody that was in the patient serum, anti Fc, flourescently labeled or enzyme linked