Pearson Chpt 10 NCLEX PN Uncomplicated Labor and Delivery Care

differentiated by cervical change: effacement and dilation

an ultrasound transducer is placed over fetal back and detects movement of fetal heart; fetal or maternal movement and maternal obeseity may interfere with obtaining a continuous reading

is average heart rate between contractions; measured in beats per minute normally 120-160; bradycardia <110; tachycardia >160

transient increase in FHR that can be spontanous or periodic

decrease in FHR beginning at oneset of contraction and returning to baseline by end of contraction with lowest rate at peak of contraction

begin after contraction starts, with lowest rate occuring after peak of contraction and returning to baseline after endo of contraction

is relationship of fetal parts to one another; normal attitude is flexion of neck, arms and legs

is relationship of cephalocaudal axis of fetus to cephalocaudal axis of mother; is either longitudinal (or vertical, most common) or transverse (lateral)

is fetal part entering pelvis first; most common is cephalic (with subctegories of vertex, military, brown or face presentation), but breech (subtypes of complete, frank or footling) and shoulder (also called transvers lie) can also occur

is relationship of fetal presenting part to mternal pelvis; a three-letter notation describes fetal position; most common positions at delivery are ROA (Right occiput anterior) and LOA (Left occiput anterior)

occurs when largest diameter of presenting part reaches pelvic inlet and be be detected by vaginal exam

time in seconds or minutes from onset of one contraction to onest of next

strength of contraction at acme, which can be palpated as mild, moderate, or strong

length of contraction measured in seconds from beginning of increment to end of decrement

Stage of Labor:
8-10 cm dilated, effacement is completed and decent increases.  Contractions are every 1.5 - 2 minutes and lasting 60 to 90 seconds. 

Stage of Labor:
4-7 cm dilated, effacement and descent are progressive, contractions every 2-3 minutes and 60 seconds in duration.  Only phase where medication can be given

Stage of Labor:
0-3 cm dilated, with little descent occured.  Contractions begin irregularly and become more regular with increased frequency, duration and intensity

Extends from complete dilation of cervix to delivery of fetus; accompanied by involuntary efforts to expel fetus and low pitched, guttural, grunting sounds

During the third stage of labor which extends from the birth of newborn to delivery of placenta, how often should vitals be checked

this is a surgical incision into perineum to enlarge vaginal opening; usually done during or just prior to crowing; it is often performed to prevent tearing of perineal tissues becuase lacteraions have irregular edges and are more difficlut to repair

Types are midline or mediolateral

During the 4th stage of labor, which includes first 1 to 4 hours after delivery how often should vitals be taken

Do all systemic durgs cross placental barrier in varying amounts?