-
The skeleton is made up of _____ bones.
The axial skeleton consists of ____ bones.
The appendicular skelton is composed of _____ bones.
- 206 total
- 80 axial
- 126 appendicular
-
The spine:
Cervical = ___bones
Toracic = ____ bones
Lumbar= ____bones
Sacryl (fused) = ___ bone
Coccygeal (fused) = ____ bone
-
The skull is composed of ____ fused bones
22
-
In the appendicular skeleton, the upper extermities consist of ___ bones and the lowe extremities consits of _____ bones
- The upper extremities are made up of 64 bones
- The lower extremities are made up of 62 bones
-
The shoulder girdle is composed of these bones:
clavicle and the scapula
-
List 4 proximal carpal bones
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Triquetrium
- Pisiform
-
List 4 distal bones of the carpals
- Trapezium
- Trapezoid
- Capitate
- Hamate
-
Name 7 bones of the Tarsals
- 3 Cuneiform bones
- Talus
- Calcaneus
- Navicular
- Cuboid
-
3 fused bones that make up the 2 ____ bones of the pelvis
composed the 2 COXAL bones of the pelvis
-
In relation to the fibula, the tibia is located ____ and is _____ in size.
- The tibia is MEDIAL and
- LARGER in size
-
The humerus is connected to the shoulder girdle at the ________ cavity of the scapula
Glenoid Cavity
-
the femur articulates with the _____ _____ of the coxal bone
acetabular fossa
-
Bone is encases by a _____
periosteum
-
Living osteocytes and calified matrix in bone are arranged in layers called ____
lamellae
-
this specialized connective tissue is composed of cells (osteocytes) embedded in a calcified matrix
bone tissue
-
what is a Volkmann's canal
- a horiztonal (transverse) canal in a bone connective tissue
- used for communication via blood vessels in the canal
- they connect the longtitudal haversian canal
-
What is interstitial lamellae?
- Irregular lamellae structures
- present between the Haversian systems
-
What is a Haverian system
- the unit of the Haversian Canal circumscribed by Haversian lamellae
- Also know as a OSTEON
-
The marrow cavity and the Haversian canals are lined by _____; which is?
- endosteum
- a thin layer of connective tissue
-
These kind of cells can transform into bone-forming cells, or osteoblasts
where are they found?
- Osteogenic cells
- found in the endosteum and periosteum
-
this type of bone consists of bars, spicules, or trabeculae
spongy bone
-
Where is spongy bone found?
- The ends of long bones
- the inner layer of flat, irregular, and short bones
-
What is the spaces in bones called?
What type of cell is singly found there?
- Lacunae (spaces)
- osteocytes
-
What is a canaliculi?
What is its purpose?
- A small canal in the bone, in the calafied matrix
- allows osteocytes to communicate with each other
-
Cells that form the bone matrix
osteoblasts
-
Function of osteoblasts?
What do they tranform into?
- Osteoblasts form the bone matrix, surrounding themselves with it
- once surrounded they are transformed into osteocytes
-
The osteoblasts are cuboidal cells which line the ______ of immature or developing spongy bone
trabeculae
-
this multinucelated cell is found during bone development and remodeling
osteoclasts
-
What function do osteoclasts serve?
remove the existing calcafied matrix releasing organic and inorganic components
-
Constitutes the organic component of bone (matrix)
collagen fibers and ground substance
-
About 85% of inoganic compounds of the bone matrix consists of?
calcium phosphate in crystaline form
-
3 places to find osetoclasts?
- lying in cavities
- Howship's lacunae
- surface of bone being resorbed
-
In a synovial joint, this material lines the articular surfaces of the abutting bones
hyaline cartliage
-
what is a ligament
- a fibrous connective tissue connecting adjacent bones
- they are stong, supportive and may limit the range of motion occuring at a particular joint
-
the germ layer of origin of most of the skeletal system?
Mesoderm
-
endomysium
- part of skeletal muscle tissue
- extracellular matrix and very sparse, loose connective tissue layer enveloping a single fiber
-
perimysium
- in skeletal muscle tisssue
- connective tissue layer enveloping a bundle of fibers
-
epimysium
- in skeletal muscle tissue
- connective tissue layer enveloping the entire muscle
-
what is the 'origin' of muscle attachment
the attachment site, relatively fixed
-
what is the 'insertion' of muscle attachment
is the end attached to a structure that will be moved when the muscle contracts
|
|