MedTerm.Urinary

protein

bacteria

bladder or sac

bladder or sac

thirst

glomerulus (little ball)

sugar

ketone bodies

stone

meatus (opening)

kidney

pubic bone

renal pelvis

pus

ureter

urethra

urine

they filter blood and secrete impurities to form urine, they are located on each side of the lumbar region half under the ribcage

system of ducts carrying urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis

microscopic functional units of the kidney comprised of kidney cells and capillaries each capable of forming urine

little ball-shaped cluster of capillaries located at the top of each nephron

top part of the nephron that encloses the glomerulus

stem portion of the nephron

tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, one from each kidney into each side of the bladder

basin-like portion of the ureter within the kidney

point of connection between the renal pelvis and ureter

sac that hold sthe urine

single canal that carries urine to the outside of the body

opening in the urethra to the outside of the body

fluid produced by the kidneys containing water and waste products

both waste products of the metabolic process

painful urination

to void urine; involuntary discharge  of urine generally due to lack of bladder control

incoluntary dishcharge of urine at the time of a cough, sneeze and/or strained exercise

waste products of the metabolic process that show up in the urine as a result of abnormal utilization of carbohydrates; often seen in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation  

urination at night

scanty production of urine

excessive urination

retention of uring owing to the inability to void naturally because of spasm, obstruction etc.

inherited condition of multiple cysts that gradually form in the kidey causing distruction of normal tissue that leads to renal failure- diagnosed in adults presenting with hypertension, kidney enlargement and recurrent UTIs

form of nephritis involving the glomerulus

dilation and pooling of urine in the renal pelvis and calyces of one or both kidneys caused by an obstruction in the outflow of urine

kidney inflammation

inflammation of the renal pelvis

degenerative disease of the renal tubules

presence of renal stone or stones cause by mineral buildup

inflammation of the bladder

inflammation of the urethra

narrowed condition of the urethra

invasion of pathogenic organisms in the structurs of the urinary tract especially the urethra and bladder; symptoms include: dysuria, urinary frequency and malaise

excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste in the blood as a result of kidney fauilure

xray studies commonly used in urology

xrays of the urinary tract taken after iodine is inhected into the bloodstream and as the contract passes through the kidney it reveals obstruction, trauma, etc.

xray of the upper urinary tract taken after contast medium is inhected up to the kudney by way of a cmall catheter pased though a cystoscope - done to detect the presence of stones or obstruction

physical, chemical and microscopic examination of urine

measure of the kidney's ability to cocentrate or dilute urine

chemical test used to detect bile pigment in the urine - increased amounts seen in galbladder and liver disease

chemical test used to detect bacteria in the urine

blood test to determine the level or urea in the blood - high BUN indicated the kidney's inability to excrete urea

test to determine the level or creatinine in the blood - useful in assessing kidney function

test to determine the level or creatinine in the urine

measurements of the level or creatinine in the blood AND 24-hour urine specimen to determine th rate that creatinine is "cleared" from the blood and kidneys

method od destroying stones within the urinary tract using electrical energy sidcharges transmitted to a probe within a flexible endoscope - most commonly used to pulverize bladder stones

incision into the kidney

suture of an injured body part

removal (excision) of the kidney

surgincal reconstriction of the renal pelvis

use of a device to hold open vessels or tubes

creation of a temporary r permanent diversion of the urinary tract to probide a new passage through which urine exits the body

bombardment of the body from the outside with ultrasound waves to disintegrate stones within the body - commonly used to treat stones above the bladder

removal and replacement of blood to the body via a machine that uses a filtrate to remove impurities in the blood

method of removing impurities using the peritoneum as a filter; catheter unsertion in the peritoneal cavity is required to deliver cleansing fluid (dialysate) that is washed in and out in cycles

insertion of a straight tube directly into the meatus, through the urethra and into the bladder to remove urine.

indwelling catheter inseted through the urethra into the bladder, includes a collection system that allows urine to be drained into a bag - can be temporary or be left in place for an extended period of time.

indwelling catheter inserted directly into the bladder via an incision in the abdomin above the pubic bone; includes a collection system that allows uring to be drained into a bag - used in patients who require long-term catheterization

blood urea nitrogen

biopsy

culture and sensitivity

intravenous pyelogram

kidney, ureter, bladder (pertaining to a region of where to shoot an xray)

urinalysis

urinary tract infection