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Security Lighting

  1. ______________is the radiant energy that excites the retina of the eye.
    Light
  2. __________are volumes of light emitted by a lamp
    Lumens
  3. Power output is called a _________
    Watt
  4. What is Candle Power or Candela?
    Intensity of light in a specific area
  5. The amount of light a single candle provides over 1 square foot is a what?
    Foot-Candle (FC)
  6. A __________ is a metric measure of illumination
    Lux

    • (1 Lux =  .0929 FC or
    • 10.79 Lux = 1 FC)
  7. CRI
    Color Rendering Index
  8. _____________ measures the effect of light on the appearance of objects.
    Color-Rendering Index (CRI)

    • Scale of 0-100
    • 0- Less normal color
    • >0- More normal color
  9. The percentage of light being reflected from any given object or surface.
    Reflectance
  10. _____________is the intensity of lighting falling on the surface.
    Illuminance

    (Measured in Lux or FC)
  11. What is used to obtain the necessary VOLTAGE and CURRENT to start and operate a lamp.
    Ballast
  12. Relative Illuminance is____________
    Uniformity

    (EX:  Lighting that doesn't allow a dark area in a parking lot)
  13. A complete light fixture with a light source and ballast is called a what?
    Luminaire
  14. _________ __________is light pollution in unattended areas.
    Light Trespass
  15. HID
    Hight Intensity Discarge lamp
  16. Protective Lighting acts as a __________ ___________ and allows for __________ ____________
    • Psychological Deterrent
    •   Easier Detection
  17. What should Protective Lighting provide?
    Contrast between an intruder and the background.
  18. What should Perimeter Lighting provide?
    Illuminate both sides of a barrier
  19. Lighting should provide a glare to who?
    An intruder
  20. Lighting redundancies are what?
    Manual back ups for automatic lighting
  21. How can you protect your lighting systems?
    • Bury cables
    • Protective covers over lights
    • Ensure everyone knows location of all lights
  22. What are the four typs of protective lighting?
    • Continuous
    • Stand-By
    • Movable
    • Emergency
  23. What is the most common type of lighting?
    Continuous
  24. When is Stand-By Lighting used?
    During times of suspected criminal activity
  25. Movable lighting can be stationary as well.

    True or False.
    TRUE
  26. Moveable lighting supplements what type of lighting?
    Continuous
  27. What are two methods used to minimize loss of lighting in an area?
    • Dual circuiting of poles
    • Alternate circuiting of fixtures
  28. ISOLATED fenced perimeters are normally illuminates how far away from the building?
    100 feet
  29. SEMI-ISOLATED fence perimeters are usually illuminates how far from a building?
    60-100 feet
  30. NON-ISOLATED fence perimeters are normally where?
    Adjacent to the building
  31. About how many Foot-Candles (FC) does the sun provide?
    10,000 FC
  32. When installing lights, the following should be considered:
    • Cost (initial, replacement, cleaning)
    • Provisions for rapid lamp replacement
    • Provisions for manual override-blackout
    • Weather
    • Fluctuating Power
    • Lamp restrike time (time to relight a lamp)
    • Lamp life
    • Lamp efficiency
    • Lamp Color Rendering Index (CRI)
  33. What is the light to dark ratio?
    4 to 1 (ideally)
  34. CCTV Surveillance:
    Amount of reflective light.
    • Detection =      0.5 FC
    • Recognition =   1.0 FC
    • Identification =  2.0 FC
  35. In general CCTV security lighting should...
    • Direct light to the task
    • Maximize scene reflectance
    • Light to Dark ratio of 4 to 1
  36. What is an INCANDESCENT lamp?
    Use an electronic current to heat a filament
  37. What are the disadvantages when using INCANDESCENT lamps?
    • Short life
    • Inefficient
    • High heat output
  38. What are the advantages of using INCANDESCENT lamps?
    • Instant start up
    • Low initial cost
    • Excellent color rendition
    • Dimming capabilities
    • Compact size
  39. What are QUARTZ and QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
    Incandescent lamps filled with Hydrogen Gas
  40. What are the advantages of using QUARTZ or QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
    • Instant start up
    • Excellent color rendition
    • 25% more efficient than incandescent lamps
    • Excellent for perimeter barriers
  41. What are the disadvantages for using QUARTZ or QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
    • Inefficient
    • High heat output
  42. What is  FLOURESCENT lamp?
    Pass electricity through a gas filled tube to create light
  43. What are the advantages of using FLOURESCENT lighting?
    • Near instant start up
    •  
  44. What are the disadvantages of using FLOURESCENT lighting?
    • Temperature sensitive
    • Cannot project light over long distances
  45. What is MERCURY-VAPOR lighting?
    High intensity discharge device producing light by excitation of mercury vapors.
  46. What are the advantages of MERCURY-VAPOR lamps?
    • Long life
    • Low initial cost
    • Good color rendition
  47. What are the disadvantages of MERCURY-VAPOR lamps?
    • Inefficient
    • Light output decreases over time
    • Delayed hot restart (3-7 min)
  48. What is a METAL-HALIDE lamp?
    Hight intensity light arc with light produced by the radiation of excited metal halides
  49. What are the advantages of METAL-HALIDE lamps?
    • Excellent color rendition imitating daylight
    • Work very well with CCTV
  50. What are the disadvantages of METAL-HALIDE lamps?
    • High initial cost (most expensive light to install and maintain)
    • Lengthy hot restart (up to 15 min)
  51. What is a HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamp?
    High discharge arc tube in which light is produced by radiation from sodium vapor operating under pressure
  52. What are the advantages of HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
    • Extremely efficient
    • Long life
    • Restrike time of 1 minute
  53. What are the disadvantages of HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
    High operational cost
  54. What is a LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamp?
    High pressure arc tube in which light is produced by radiation from sodium vapor operating under pressure
  55. What are the advantages of using LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
    • Emit a yellowish light
    •   *Good for use during foggy conditions
    • Very efficient
    • Long life
  56. What are the disadvantages of using LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
    • Poor color rendition
    • Not recommended for CCTV
  57. What is a LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamp?
    Similar in lighting to that of Flourescent lamps
  58. What are the advantages of using LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamps?
    Very efficient
  59. What are the disadvantages of using LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamps?
    • Initial cost
    • Should not be used when a focused beam of light is needed
    • Temperature sensitive in high heat areas
Author
GalacticChaos
ID
163927
Card Set
Security Lighting
Description
Understanding lighting terminology and types of lighting
Updated

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