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______________is the radiant energy that excites the retina of the eye.
Light
__________are volumes of light emitted by a lamp
Lumens
Power output is called a _________
Watt
What is Candle Power or Candela?
Intensity of light in a specific area
The amount of light a single candle provides over 1 square foot is a what?
Foot-Candle (FC)
A __________ is a metric measure of illumination
Lux
(1 Lux = .0929 FC or
10.79 Lux = 1 FC)
CRI
Color Rendering Index
_____________ measures the effect of light on the appearance of objects.
Color-Rendering Index (CRI)
Scale of 0-100
0- Less normal color
>0- More normal color
The percentage of light being reflected from any given object or surface.
Reflectance
_____________is the intensity of lighting falling on the surface.
Illuminance
(Measured in Lux or FC)
What is used to obtain the necessary VOLTAGE and CURRENT to start and operate a lamp.
Ballast
Relative Illuminance is____________
Uniformity
(EX: Lighting that doesn't allow a dark area in a parking lot)
A complete light fixture with a light source and ballast is called a what?
Luminaire
_________ __________is light pollution in unattended areas.
Light Trespass
HID
Hight Intensity Discarge lamp
Protective Lighting acts as a __________ ___________ and allows for __________ ____________
Psychological Deterrent
Easier Detection
What should Protective Lighting provide?
Contrast between an intruder and the background.
What should Perimeter Lighting provide?
Illuminate both sides of a barrier
Lighting should provide a glare to who?
An intruder
Lighting redundancies are what?
Manual back ups for automatic lighting
How can you protect your lighting systems?
Bury cables
Protective covers over lights
Ensure everyone knows location of all lights
What are the four typs of protective lighting?
Continuous
Stand-By
Movable
Emergency
What is the most common type of lighting?
Continuous
When is Stand-By Lighting used?
During times of suspected criminal activity
Movable lighting can be stationary as well.
True or False.
True
False
TRUE
Moveable lighting supplements what type of lighting?
Continuous
What are two methods used to minimize loss of lighting in an area?
Dual circuiting of poles
Alternate circuiting of fixtures
ISOLATED fenced perimeters are normally illuminates how far away from the building?
100 feet
SEMI-ISOLATED fence perimeters are usually illuminates how far from a building?
60-100 feet
NON-ISOLATED fence perimeters are normally where?
Adjacent to the building
About how many Foot-Candles (FC) does the sun provide?
10,000 FC
When installing lights, the following should be considered:
Cost (initial, replacement, cleaning)
Provisions for rapid lamp replacement
Provisions for manual override-blackout
Weather
Fluctuating Power
Lamp restrike time (time to relight a lamp)
Lamp life
Lamp efficiency
Lamp Color Rendering Index (CRI)
What is the light to dark ratio?
4 to 1 (ideally)
CCTV Surveillance:
Amount of reflective light.
Detection = 0.5 FC
Recognition = 1.0 FC
Identification = 2.0 FC
In general CCTV security lighting should...
Direct light to the task
Maximize scene reflectance
Light to Dark ratio of 4 to 1
What is an INCANDESCENT lamp?
Use an electronic current to heat a filament
What are the disadvantages when using INCANDESCENT lamps?
Short life
Inefficient
High heat output
What are the advantages of using INCANDESCENT lamps?
Instant start up
Low initial cost
Excellent color rendition
Dimming capabilities
Compact size
What are QUARTZ and QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
Incandescent lamps filled with Hydrogen Gas
What are the advantages of using QUARTZ or QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
Instant start up
Excellent color rendition
25% more efficient than incandescent lamps
Excellent for perimeter barriers
What are the disadvantages for using QUARTZ or QUARTZ-HALOGEN lamps?
Inefficient
High heat output
What is FLOURESCENT lamp?
Pass electricity through a gas filled tube to create light
What are the advantages of using FLOURESCENT lighting?
Near instant start up
What are the disadvantages of using FLOURESCENT lighting?
Temperature sensitive
Cannot project light over long distances
What is MERCURY-VAPOR lighting?
High intensity discharge device producing light by excitation of mercury vapors.
What are the advantages of MERCURY-VAPOR lamps?
Long life
Low initial cost
Good color rendition
What are the disadvantages of MERCURY-VAPOR lamps?
Inefficient
Light output decreases over time
Delayed hot restart (3-7 min)
What is a METAL-HALIDE lamp?
Hight intensity light arc with light produced by the radiation of excited metal halides
What are the advantages of METAL-HALIDE lamps?
Excellent color rendition imitating daylight
Work very well with CCTV
What are the disadvantages of METAL-HALIDE lamps?
High initial cost (most expensive light to install and maintain)
Lengthy hot restart (up to 15 min)
What is a HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamp?
High discharge arc tube in which light is produced by radiation from sodium vapor operating under pressure
What are the advantages of HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
Extremely efficient
Long life
Restrike time of 1 minute
What are the disadvantages of HIGH PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
High operational cost
What is a LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamp?
High pressure arc tube in which light is produced by radiation from sodium vapor operating under pressure
What are the advantages of using LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
Emit a yellowish light
*Good for use during foggy conditions
Very efficient
Long life
What are the disadvantages of using LOW PRESSURE-SODIUM lamps?
Poor color rendition
Not recommended for CCTV
What is a LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamp?
Similar in lighting to that of Flourescent lamps
What are the advantages of using LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamps?
Very efficient
What are the disadvantages of using LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) lamps?
Initial cost
Should not be used when a focused beam of light is needed
Temperature sensitive in high heat areas
Author
GalacticChaos
ID
163927
Card Set
Security Lighting
Description
Understanding lighting terminology and types of lighting
Updated
2012-07-26T16:11:03Z
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