-
Sympathomimetics examples
amphetamines, cocaine
-
Sympathomimetics S/S
Mental status
HR
BP
Temp
Pupils
Skin
- Mental status: agitiation, delirium, psychosis, convulsions
- HR: increased
- BP: increased
- Temp: increased
- Pupils: large, reactive
- Skin: diaphoresis
-
examples of anticholinergics
antihistamines
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Anticholinergics s/s:
Mental status
HR
BP
Temp
Pupils
Skin
- Mental status: delirium, psychosis, coma, convulsions
- HR: increased
- BP: increased
- Temp: increased
- Pupils: large sluggish
- Skin: flushed, dry
- diminished bowel sounds
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examples of organophosphates
insecticides, nerve gas
-
Organophosphates s/s
Pneumonic
Mental status
HR
Pupils
Skin
- SLUDGE: salivation, lacrimation, urination, Defecation, Gastic cramping and Emesis
- Mental status: confusion, fasciculations, coma
- HR: decreased (or increased)
- BP: --
- Temp:--
- Pupils: small
- Skin: diaphoresis
- hyperactive bowel sounds
-
Opiods/clonidine S/S
Mental status
HR
BP
Temp
Pupils
- Mental status: euphoria, somnolence, coma
- HR: decreased
- BP: decreased
- Temp: decreased
- Pupils: pinpoint
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Barbituates/sedative hypnotics
mental status
BP
temp
respirations
- mental status: somnolence, coma
- BP: decrsd
- temp: dcrsd
- resp: decreased
-
Salicylates s/s
mental status:
Temp
Resp
GI
- mental status: lethargy, convulsions
- Temp: increased
- Resp: increased
- Gi: vomiting
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Theophyline s/s:
Mental status
HR
BP
Resp:
GI
- Mental status: agitation tremor, convulsions
- HR: incrsd
- BP: dcrsd
- Resp: increased
- GI: vomiting
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When (time frame) give charcoal?
What is poorly absorbed by activated charcoal?
within 1 hour
- Common electrolytes
- Iron
- Mineral acids or bases
- Alcohols
- Cyanide
- most solvents
- most water-insoluble compounds (ie hydrocarbons)
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Tricyclic antidepressants antidote
sodium bicarb
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antidote for cyanide
Sodium nitrate/ sodium thiosulfate or hydroxycobalamin
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antidote for cholinesterase inhibitors
atropine and pralidoximine
-
Iron antidote
Deferoxamine
-
Ethanol antidote
dextrose
-
oral hypoglycemics antidote
dextrose
-
salicylates antidote
dextrose
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methemoglobinemic agents
methylene blue
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carbon monoxide antidote
oxygen
-
benzodiazepine antidote
flumazenil
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Isoniazide and gyromitra mushrooms antidote
pyridoxine
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digoxin antidote
digoxin immune Fab
-
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methanol/ethylene glycol antidote
- fomepizole
- dialysis
- ethanol
-
acetaminphen antidote
N-acetylcysteine IV 150mg/kg over 1 hr then 125mg/kh/hr for 4hr
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Calcium Channel blockers antidote
- calcium chloride 10% 10ml adult, 0.2ml/kg iv
- calcium gluconate 10% 30ml adult, 0.6ml/kg
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sulfonylureas antidote
octreotide
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tricyclic antidepressants antidote
sodium bicarb 1-2mEq/kg IV
-
warfarin antidote
Vitamin K
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When to do dialysis for poisoning? (7)
- lithium
- ethylene gylcol
- methanol
- salicylates
- phenobarbital
- theophyline
- paraquat
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