-
-
Monas :
- "alone" (they are isolated
- Christian communities)
- Derives from ascetic
- tendency
-
His things were: Poverty, Chastity, Obedience to abbott
Benedict of Nursia 480-547
-
what did the regular clergy do?
- (create their own independent community)
- -Preserve classical texts
-Provide local education
- Manage hospices
-Sponsor art/architecture
- Produce missionaries
-
The Secular clergy are ___.
priests
-
Dionysus Exiguus is a.k.a. ____.
-Fixes Christian year calendar/year count. Tries to fix the
day of Easter by counting back to the birth of Christ.
Denis the Little
-
Jerome (347-420) translates _____....
Hebrew and Greek books of Bible into Latin.
-
Augustine of Hippo (345-430)
- Most important church father after St. Paul.
- 1. came from a very wealthy upper class family
- 2. only with time that more upper class people come to the church
- 3. led a wild life as a young Man bc he had money and leisure to do so
- 4. at 33, converted to Christianity
- 5. particularly inspired by the writings of St. Paul.
- 6. ***Known for the works: The Confessions. The Select Group of Believers. The next book is The City of God- piece in which he contrasts unearthly city and God’s city.
- 7. Helped established the idea of evil(perversion of good)- twisting of the good.
- Just war. If you go to war f0r the right reasons, war is good.
-
The Basilica
(clerestory, narthex, nave, transept..) we inheret this from Rome.
-
____ (The p crossed by the x) represents first two letters of
the Greek christos.
Icthys
latin for the Christian fish symbol. Acronym for a saying “Jesus Christ, son of God, Savior”
Chi Rho
-
-
The Diocletian has __, __, and ___.
- Tetrarchy- 4 rulers
- 2 augustines
- 2 caesars
-
Constantine:
- -Son of one of the caesars
- -312 forces son of maximum across tiber and takes rome
- -Christian god gives him victory
- -313 edict of Milan
- -relieves church leaders of public service and taxation
- -gives financial help to churches
- -holds council of Nicaea (325) Larian Controversy page 18
- - founds Constantinople (instanbul) – Turkey
- - moves seat from Roman Empire from Rome to Constantinople
- - sons of Constantine rule from rome to Constantinople
- -divisions between western and eastern
- - empires grow
- - 476 AD- Fall of Western Empire
- -Eastern Empire (Byzantium) continues until 1453
-
Early Christians
- Poor and middle class
- Worship in secret
- Worship in homes
- Spoke Greek
- Buried rather than cremated their dead
- Ruled by elders- presbyters “old man”
- Epriskepas “overseas” becomes English Word “Bishop”
-
____: prefiguring
Rose Apple Tree
-
Names of sons
Feeder- _____
Mara- ______
- ball and chain
- god of desire
-
Islam means ____. or _____
- admission to God
- Surrender to god
-
-
-
The islams were
Were __, __, & (highly competitive
with one another). They raided without killing bc this created ____.
- animistic
- polytheistic, and tribal.
- vendetta
-
At the time of Muhammad,
they had about 300 gods with ___ in the ____.
- idols
- kabba
- (Muhammad destroys these, but not the black stone bc it's linked to Abraham.)
-
Muhammad establishes a _____.
Islam recognizes ___ & ____ scripture as authoritative God messages.
- theocracy.- gov't ruled by religious authority.
- Christian and Judaism
-
__ is the last profit for Islam. The__ is god’s final
and complete word.
- Muhammad
- Quran
- (Quran is God's Word, not Muhammad's)
-
The ___ is the very first thing. then ____, then_____, and then the ____.
- confessions of faith.
- whats due to the poor/ islamic charity.
- fasting from sun to sunset (rammadan)
- hajj (which must be made once in life)
-
The Quran: means ____. is the ___, is God's ___ &___ law. It ____ all other messages although it does not cancel them out. Is written in ___, and is considered ___.
- recitation.
- sacred text of Islam
- eternal & absolute
- supersedes
- Arabic
- untranslatable
-
Chapters of Quran are ___ with __ years of recitation.
-
___ is Abraham's son.
Isaac.
-
__ :"when I heard the Quran my heart softened and I wept, and Islam entered me"
Umar Ibn al-khattab.
-
Rules for the Quran law are arranged from __ to __ with ___ chapters. No eating___, no _____, no ___, and were allowed to __ wives. Teaches that women have property and rights but men are higher bc they are providers.
- longest to shortest, 114
- pork, drinking wine, gambline
- 4
-
The Quran teaches ___(holy war), whoch refers to muslims internal struggle for __.
-
The Quran allows ___, but only if able to provide for all four.
polygamy,
-
Muhammad is seen as the ___.
"perfect man"
-
Muslims refer to nonbelievers as ___.
infedels.
-
Islams use the ___. -sayings of Muhammad, which
was complied after his death. The Quran was formally written after Muhammad’s
death.
Hadith.
-
Muslims also refer to the ___, which means " __", an ethical code of conduct.
-
__: leaders of prayer
Imam
-
___: scholars trained in Muslim Law. Interpret the Sharia.
Mullahs
-
The spread of Islam was influenced because 1)___, 2)____, and 3)___.
- 1. religion was simple (just like Christianity)
- 2. free of dogma/doctrine
- 3. taxes?
-
The name sunni comes from the word ___, which means ____. The Sunni believed that they are the ____, that they are following Muhammad’s teachings.
- Sunna
- tradition of the profit.
- Orthodox Muslims,
-
___ believe that they are blood related to Muhammad through his cousin who was also his son in law. They
believe that ___ was the real successor to Muhammad.
-
The successors were called _____ when Muhammad died, which means ___.
-
In one century Islam gained more converts than ____ did in its first 300 years. The first group of people were
___, and the other group were the___.
- Christianity
- the Byzantian
- Franks
-
The ____ is the grand mas in Mecca where Muhammad was born. 570-632 CE.
[Muhammad belonged to a fairly prominent clan, was orphaned
at age 6, uncle took him in and protected him. Was prob illiterate.
Married Khadijah, who is 15
yrs older than him. ]
He told his followers that the angel ___ visited
him.
-
Medina:
"the city". Is where Muhammad leaves to .
-
Hijra:
the migration to the city.
-
___CE is when the Islams start their calendar.
622
-
Christianity was an _________
alternative to secular rational values.
-
Christians were persecuted because of 1) ___2) ___
- 1. the refusal to worship the emperor.
- 2. the refusal to serve in the army.
-
Buddah's name is _____.
Siddartha Guatama
-
Theocratic successors to Muhhamad :
Caliphs
-
Baghdad is " "
"the navel of the earth"
-
bagdad had the largest __ in the world
library
-
People of the Book are ___.
Jews.
-
Islamic mystics were :
- meditation, fasting, prayer, music, dance, intuition,
- non-rational , ecstasy, visionary
-
The Islamic capital was moved to ___.
Baghdad
-
During the eight and tenth centuries, the Islamic worlds were considered
the Golden Age
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