Nutrition Mineral Calcium

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What is the most abundant mineral in the body

calcium
What mineral is the major component of bones and teeth
99% in bone
1% in cells
.01% in ECF

calcium
What is the AI for calcium
- 1300 mg- 1000 mg, based on age
- increased to 1200 mg after age 50
What are sources of calcium
- dairy & milk products
- green leafy veggies
- small fish with bones
- legumes
- calcium fortefied foods
What are the functions of calcium
- Provide bone structure for calcium storage
- Conduct nerve impulses
- Muscle contraction & relaxation
- Formation of blood clots
- BP regulation
- Protective for colorectal cancer
Do serum calcium levels depend on dietary calcium intake

NO
What does dietary intake of calcium influence

deposition of calcuim into the bone for storage and release
What are normal serum calcium levels

8.6-10.2 mg/dl
What provides the calcium to be distributed via the blood stream

calcium in the bones
What happens when parathromone and vitamin D get secreated
- bone releases calcium
- intestines absorb more calcium
- kidneys retain more calcium
What hormones can control calcium levels
- parathromone
- vitamin D
- Calcition
What secretes parathromone and when does it get secreted
- parathyroid gland
- when calcium levels are low
Vitamin D has the hormone-like effect of what

calcitrol
What secretes calcitonin and when does it get secreted
- thyroid
- when calcium is high
How does calcitonin affect calcium levels

decrease calcium by reducing calcium & phosphate in the blood
What can increase the absorption of calcium
- acidity of digested mass: best if part of a meal
- Body's need for higher amounts(prego)
- lactose
- Sufficant vitamin D
What causes a decrese in the absorption of calcium
- Aging
- Binders
- Dietary fat & fibers
- Drug useExcessive phosphorus intake
- Laxative use
- Sedentary lifestyle
What are the S&S of hypocalcemia
- numbness & tingeling of fingers
- Hyperactive reflexes
- Muscle cramps
- pathological fractures
What are the causes of hypocalcemia
- Decreased albumin
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Vitamin D deficient
- Pancreatitis
- Alkalosis
- Renal Failure
- Chronic Alcholism
What is the treatment for hypocalcemia
- Replace parathyroid hormones
- Calcium infusion
- Vitamin D supplements
Osteoporosis is caused by what

deficiency of calcium intake
What are the risk factors for osteoporiosis
- Non-modifiable:
- race
- age
- gender
- family history
- Modifiable:
- calcium intake
- alcohol consumption
- smoking
- caffine
- sedentary lifestyle
What is the treatment for osteoporosis
- Medicine to prevent bone loss
- Calcium & Vitamin D supplements
- Weight baring exercise
What are the dietary S&S of calcium toxicity
- Constipation
- Urinary stones
- Reduced iron & zinc absorption
What is the upper limit for calcium consumption daily

2500mg
What are the S&S of hypercalcemia
- Anorexia
- N&V
- Weakness
- Hypoactive reflexes
- Lethargy
- Flank pain
- Decreased LOC
- Personality changes
- Cardiac arrest
What are the causes of hypercalcemia
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Osteometastasis
- Paget's Disease
- Osteoporosis
- Prolonged Immobolization
- Acidosis
- Thiazide diuretics
How would you treat a patient with hypercalcemia
- IV fluid
- loop diurectics
What are the dietary S&S of decreased calcium intake
- Mostly affects bones health
- Increased colon cancer risk
- Hypertension

Author

tville01

163122

Card Set

Nutrition Mineral Calcium

Description

Nutrition Mineral Calcium

Updated

2012-07-24T09:32:10Z

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