Nutrition fluid balance regulation

  1. If GFR is low do to low BP what gets released from the kidneys
    renin
  2. What happens to renin as it travels in the blood
    combines with angiotensinogen to make angiotensinI
  3. Where does angiotensin I travel to and what happens to it
    • lungs
    • ACE converts it to angiotensin II
  4. What are the functions of angiotensin II
    • vasoconstriction
    • stimulates thirst
    • secretes ADH
    • stimulates adrenal cortex to release Aldosterone
  5. ADH has what effect on the urine
    stops it
  6. What does Aldosterone do
    makes collecting ducts of the renal tubules reabsorb more water
  7. Once ADH and Aldosterone are activated what will happen to GFR and BP
    increases
  8. How else(other than from angiotensin II) can Adosterone be released
    osmoreceptors in the brain
  9. What happens once the GFR and BP are within normal ranges
    secreation of renin stops
  10. What are accurate measure of intake and output
    • daily weight
    • vital signs
    • mucous membranes
    • skin assessment
    • neurological status
  11. What are the types of fluid volume deficits
    • hypovolemia
    • dehydration
  12. What fluid volume deficit is from a low ECF
    hypovolemia
  13. What type of fluid volume deficit is from a deficit in both ECF and ICF
    dehydration
  14. What causes fluid volume deficit
    • Inadequate fluid intake
    • Lossing more fluid than intake
    • Translocation of intravascular fluid to interstital
    • Starvation
    • Impaired swallowing
    • Vomiting
    • Gastric suction
    • Diarrhea
    • Laxative abuse
    • Diuretics
    • Hemorrhage
    • Major burns
    • Draining wounds
    • Fever & sweating
    • Exercise & sweating
    • Heat & humidity
    • hyperglycemia
  15. What are the S&S of decreased fluid volume
    • Decreased urination
    • Decreased skin elasticity
    • Dry mucous membranes
    • Disorientation
    • Extreme thirst
    • Nausea
    • Decreased BP, increased HR
    • Weight loss
  16. What is the treatment for hypovolemia
    • treat cause
    • increase oral intake
    • IV fluids
    • control fluid losses
  17. Higher than normal volume of fluid in the intravascular compartment(increased blood volume)
    hypervolemia
  18. Excess fluid in the interstitial space often due to increased sodium
    May lead to circulatory overload and compromised heart function
    edema
  19. What are the causes of excess fluid volumes
    • Kidney failure
    • Heart failure
    • IV administered to fast
    • Albumin administration
    • Corticosteroid therapy
    • Excessive sodium intakek
    • Pregnancy
  20. What is the treatment for excessive fluid volumes
    • treat disorder
    • restict oral fluids
    • reduce sodium
    • stop IV or reduce rate
    • administer diuretics
  21. What are thw types of incresed fluid volume
    • hypervolemia
    • edema
  22. What is third spacing
    intavascular fluid moving into nonvascular fluid compartment where it is trapped & useless
  23. Third spacing is commonly associated with what
    • liver disease
    • albumin deficiency & asceties
  24. What other disease can cause third spacing
    • liver disease
    • kidney disease
    • peritonitis
    • burns
    • allergic reactions
  25. Third spacing can lead to what
    hypotension and shock from decresaed intravascular fluids
  26. What is the treatment for third spacing
    • restore circulatory volume
    • closley monitor for circulatory overload
  27. How would you restore circulatory volume in a patient with third spacing
    • IV fluids
    • Blood transfusions
    • IV albumin
Author
tville01
ID
163100
Card Set
Nutrition fluid balance regulation
Description
Nutrition fluid balance regulation
Updated