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What is present in all body cells
makes up 50-60% of bidy weight
Water
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Which can a person live longer without food or water
food
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Water intake and output must be ______ to maintain health
balanced
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What are the 2 types of fluid found in the body
- ICF(intracellular fluid)
- ECF(extracellular fluid)
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What fluid type is found in cells and makes up 65% of total body fluids
ICF
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Where is ECF found and how much of the total body fluid does it account for
- outside of cells
- bloodstream, interstitial, glandular secreations
- 35%
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What are the functions of water
- provides shape & cell rigidity
- helps regulare body temp
- lubricates
- cushions body tissue
- transports nutrients & waste
- Acts as a slovent
- source of trace minerals
- participates in anabolism & catabolism
- maintains acid base balance
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What type of things is water a solvent for
- glucose
- amino acids
- minerals
- proteins
- anything that dissolves in water
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Why is there a minimum water intake need
- for cell function
- needed to be a solution for waste excretion
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What are adequate daily water intakes for men and women
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What is the minimum amount of water intake
4 cups
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What is the average I&O
2500ml per 24hrs
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What is the minimum I&O to ensure that kidneys are functioning normally
30ml per hr(1 oz)
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What are the best ways to increase water intake
- drink more
- other fluids(milk,fruit juice,soup)
- some fruit and veggies
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What fruits and veggies are helpful in increasing water intake
- watermelon
- grapes
- oranges
- lettuce
- tomatoes
- zuchinni
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What is the total fluid output per day
2500-3000ml
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How much of the total daily output is excreted as urine
1500ml
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What are sensible fluid losses
- losses that can be measured
- vomit, urine, diarrhea
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What are insensible fluid losses
- losses that can't be measured
- evaporation from skin
- respiration
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How are fluid and electrolytes regualted
- osmosis
- diffusion
- active transport
- filtration
- hormone regulation
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Movement of a solvent(water) from high to low gradient
osmosis
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Solute movement from high to low gradient
diffusion
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Movement of solute from low to high gradient, requires energy, uses protein carrier(lipoprotein)
active transport
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Movement of a solute from low to high gradient, requires a protein carrier
facilitaed diffusion
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Solute flows through from low to high gradient
filtration
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