-
-generally anaerobic
-gastrointestinal problems; abscesses, interperitoneal infections; sepsis
Bacteroides species
-
-powerful endotoxin
-UTI
-normal microbiota of intestinal tract
Enterobacter species
-
-gram- negative
-facultative anaerobe
-oral-fecal route transmission
-food poisoning, water borne pathogen
-intestinal problems, diarrhea, UTI, sepsis
Escherichia coli
-
- normal microbiota in intestinal tract
-causes pneumonia
-has a capsule that surrounds it
Klebsiella pneumoniae
-
-normal microbiota in intestinal tract
-causes UTI
<100,000 bacteria/ mL= no UTI
Proteus species
-
-causes gastroenteritis
-found in chicken eggs
-grows in intestinal tract of infected animals
Salmonella Enteritidis
-
-causes typhoid fever
-intestinal tract issues, diarrhea
-grows in intestinal tract of infected humans and transmitted in feces
Salmonella Typhi
-
-waterborne disease that will not kill you
-causes dysentery
-grows in intestinal tract of infected humans and transmitted in feces
Shigella species
-
-causes bubonic plague
-transmitted by fleas (vectors), rats are the reservoirs
until they decline then humans
-causes pneumonic plague
-transmitted in respiratory droplets
-survivors lack a receptor, which is the same as HIV
Yersinia pestis
-
-causes ear infections, respiratory infections, and meningitis in children
Haemophilus influenzae
-
-causes Legionnaires’ disease- lung infection
-acquired by inhaling contaminated water droplets
Legionella pneumophila
-
-carry a lot of plasmids
-eye infections, interperotineal infections, septicemia, UTI
-many are antibiotic resistant
-common in soil
-used in bioremediations; oil spills
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
-STD; mimics gonorrhea
Chlamydia trachomatis
-
-causes rocky mountain spotted fever
-transmitted by tick
-cases found in Pennsylvania
Rickettsia rickettsii
-
-causes GI problems
-common food poisoning
-carried by poultry and pigs
Campylobacter jejuni
-
-water borne disease
-oral-fecal transmission (food borne)
-causes dysentery, diarrhea, dehydration
-Cholera
-discovered by John Snow (epidemiology)
Vibrio cholerae
-
-causes meningitis
-highly contagious
-found where people live in close contact with each other
-headache, stiff neck, shoulder pain
-very antibiotic sensitive
-aerosol transmission and fomite transmission
Neisseria meningitidis
-
-causes gonorrhea (the clap)
-guys pissing razor blades
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
-
-causes anthrax
-3 types- skin, pulmonary and GI
-vaccine effective only for skin
-Bacillus anthracis
-
-does not generally cause infections
-normal flora in intestine
-predominant in breast-fed infants
Bifidobacterium species
-
-causes botulism
-typically caused by ingesting toxin-contaminated canned food
-produces exotoxin anaerobically
Clostridium botulinum
-
-causes gas gangrene
-acquired when soil-borne endospores contaminate an infected wound
-gas formation and swelling
-treatment= high oxygen pressure
Clostridium perfringens
-
-causes tetanus
-soil-borne
Clostridium tetani
-
-normal microbiota of the intestinal tract
-causes GI problems, UTI
-VRE (vancomycin resistant enterococci)
-noscomal infection
-very resistant to cleansing products
Enterococcus species
-
-leading cause of wound infections
-cellulits and meningitis
-MRSA
Staphylococcus aureus
-
-normal flora on the skin
S. epidermidis
-
-causes pneumonia and meningitis and septicemia
Streptococcus pneumoniae
-
-causes strep throat, rheumatic fever (scarlet fever), wound infections, glomerulonephritis, and streptococcal toxic shock
-Semmelweis
Streptococcus pyogenes
-
-causes TB in lungs
-MDR-TB-multidrug resistant TB
-resistant to rifampin and INH
-XDR-Tb- extensive drug resistant
-also known as military TB- TB gets to other organs and causes spots
-old name was consumption
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-
-leprosy aka Hansen’s disease
-form of dry gangrene
-armadillos carry it
-not much is known on transmission
-common in Brazil, Pakistan and Bangladesh
Mycobacterium leprae
-
-causes syphilis (STD)
-never been grown in culture
Treponema pallidum
-
-causes Lyme disease
-tick-borne disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
-
-causes walking pneumonia
-not susceptible to penicillin because it lacks a cell wall
Mycoplasm pneumoniae
-
causes spontaneous abortions in cattle and people
Listeria monocytogenes
-
causes ulcers in people
Helicobacter pylori
-
common in pigs but can cause dysentery in people
Shigella dysenteriae
-
-cat scratch fever
-self-limiting disease
Baronella henselae
-
fungi that causes ringworm
Tina capitis
-
causes athlete’s foot
Tina pedidis
-
An early symptom indicating the onset of an attack or a disease.
Prodromal
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