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What are the parts of the urinary system?
2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder, 1 urethra
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What are the functions of the kidneys?
To maintain homeostasis through blood filtration, reabsorption & secretion; fluid balance regulation; acid-base regulation; hormone production
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What hormones control diuresis?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone
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Where are the kidneys located?
Dorsal and retroperitoneal to abd cavity
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What is the indented medial area of the kidney called?
Hilus
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What leave the hilus?
Blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and ureters
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What is the renal pelvis?
Funnel shaped area in the hilus
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What is the outer portion of the kidney called?
Renal cortex
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What is the inner portion of the kidney called?
Renal medulla
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What are the extensions of the renal pelvis called?
Calyces (calyx)
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What is the basic functional unit of the kidney called?
Nephron
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What are the nephrons composed of?
Renal corpuscle, proximal convulated tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convulated tubule
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What makes up the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
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What are the components of the glomerulus?
Glomerular capillaries
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What is Bowman's capsule?
Double-walled capsule surrounding the glomerulus
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What is glomerular filtrate?
The fluid produced after blood has been filtered
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What is the fxn of the PCT (proximal convoluted tubule)?
Reabsorption and secretion
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What is the fluid in the PCT called?
Tubular filtrate
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What structure is a continuation of the PCT?
Loop of Henle
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What do the DCT (distal convoluted tubule) empty into the collecting ducts?
Tubular filtrate
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Which hormone plays an important role in urine volume in the collecting ducts?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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What artery branches off the abdominal portion of the aorta to enter the kidney at the hilus?
Renal artery
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What carries blood into the glomerular capillaries of the renal corpuscle?
Afferent glomerular arterioles
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What do the glomerular capillaries filter?
Plasma from the blood to put it in the capsular space of Bowman's capsule
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The peritubular capillaries perform what?
Oxygen transfer to nephron cells
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What doe the peritubular capillaries become?
Renal vein, which leaves the kidney and joins the abd portion of the caudal vena cava
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Pores in the capillary endothelium are called?
Fenestrations
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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measures what?
How fast plasma is filtered as it passes through the glomerulus
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Name some substances that are important for homeostasis that are reabsorbed in the blood
Na, K, Ca, Mg, glucose, AA, chloride, bicarbonate and water
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