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Exam 3: The Ear

  1. What makes up the human ear?
    • external ear
    • middle ear cavity
    • inner ear
  2. What makes up the external ear?
    auricle, external ear canal, and tympanic membrane
  3. What is the middle ear cavity?
    an air-filled chamber which contains three bony ossicles
  4. What are the 3 bony ossicles?
    • malleus
    • incus
    • stapes
  5. What makes up the inner ear?
    • cochlea, vestibule and semicircular canals
    • plus their respective membranous components
  6. What is another name for the auricle?
    pinna
  7. What innervates the auricle?
    • auriculotemporal N (CN V3)
    • facial N (CN VII)
    • glossopharyngeal N (CN IX)
    • vagus N (CN X)
    • great auricular nerve   
  8. The great auricular N is a branch of what?
    cervical plexus
  9. What is another name for the external ear canal?
    external auditory meatus
  10. Where is the external ear canal?
    extends from auricle to tympanic membrane
  11. The lateral part of the external ear canal contains what?
    ceruminous glands
  12. What do ceruminous glands produce?
    cerumen or wax
  13. What is the function of the tympanic membrane?
    separates external ear canal from the middle ear cavity
  14. What is another name for the middle ear cavity?
    tympanic cavity
  15. What is the function of ossicles?
    transmit vibrations from tympanic membrane to inner ear
  16. What is the malleus attached to?
    tempanic membrane
  17. What muscle inserts on the handle of the malleus?
    tensor tympani muscle
  18. The incus articulates with which bones?
    malleus and stapes
  19. The footplate of the stapes fits into what?
    oval window
  20. The head of the stapes articulates with which bone?
    incus
  21. Which muscle inserts into the neck of the stapes?
    stapedius muscle
  22. What is another name for the Auditory tube?
    Eustachian tube
  23. How long is the auditory tube?
    3-4 cm long
  24. Which part of the auditory tube is bony?
    posterior
  25. Which part of the auditory tube is cartilaginous?
    anterior
  26. What lines the auditory tube?
    mucous membrane
  27. What is the shape of the auditory tube?
    funnel-shaped
  28. What does the auditory tube connect to?
    nasopharynx
  29. What is the function of the auditory tube?
    equalize pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane
  30. Why does the auditory tube slope downhill?
    to allow for drainage of fluid from middle ear
  31. How is the auditory tube oriented in newborn and small children?
    horizontally
  32. What is the mastoid antrum?
    spherical sinus slightly smaller than tympanic cavity and located in the mastoid part of the temporal bone, posterior to the tympanic cavity
  33. Why does the floor of the mastoid antrum have many openings?
    forthe air cels
  34. What does the mastoid antrum communicate with?
    tympanic cavity
  35. Where is the inner ear?
    buried in the petrous portion of the temporal bone
  36. The inner ear consists of a bony labyrinth which contains what?
    a membranous labyrinth
  37. What is the membranous labyrinth composed of?
    various tubular structures with specialized sensory hair cells
  38. What are the specialized sensory hair cells for?
    detecting sound and motion
  39. What are the components of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear?
    • cochlea
    • vestibule
    • semicircular canals 
  40. What is the shape of the cochlea?
    snail shell
  41. What is contained in the cochlea?
    organ of hearing (Organ of Corti)
  42. What is contained in the vestibule?
    utricle and saccule
  43. What are the utricle and saccule?
    apparatus for balance
  44. How ar semicircular canals named?
    according to relative positions (anterior, lateral, and posterior)
  45. Where is the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear contained?
    within the bony labyrinth
  46. What are the componets of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear?
    • cochlear duct
    • utricle
    • saccule
    • semicircular ducts 
  47. What is the cochlear duct?
    spiral blind-ended tube containing spiral organ (Organ of Corti) w/ sensory hair cells
  48. The sensory hair cells of the cochlear duct are innervated by which nerve?
    CN VIII
  49. Where are nerve cell bodies of sensory neurons of the cochlear duct located?
    in spiral ganglion
  50. What is contained in the utricle?
    sensory hair cells
  51. Where are the sensory hair cells of the utricle located?
    in macula utriculi
  52. What innervates the sensory hair cells of the utricle?
    CN VIII
  53. Whre cell bodies of sensory neurons of the utricle located?
    in vestibular ganglion
  54. What does the utricle detect?
    linear acceleration
  55. What does the saccule contain?
    sensory nerve cells
  56. Where are the sensory nerve cells of the saccule located?
    in macula sacculi
  57. What innervates the sensory nerve cells of the saccule?
    CN VIII
  58. Where are cell bodies of sensory neurons of the saccule located?
    in vestibular ganglion
  59. What does the saccule detect?
    position of head in space plus linear acceleration/deceleration
  60. Otoliths within what structures of the inner ear rub against hair cells?
    utricle ad saccule
  61. What do semicircular ducts contain?
    sensory hair cells
  62. Where are sensory hair cells of the semicircular duct located?
    in three areas called the cristae ampullaris
  63. What innervates the sensory hair cells of the cristae ampullaris of the semicircular duct?
    CN VIII
  64. Where are cell bodies of sensory neurons of the semicircular ducts located?
    in vestibular ganglion
  65. What do hair cells of the semicircular ducts detect?
    rotation of the head
Author
brau2308
ID
161590
Card Set
Exam 3: The Ear
Description
review of 7/6 lecture on the ear for exam 3
Updated

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