pn135 terms

any birth after 20 weeks gestation, doesn't matter if the fetus was dead or alive

• number of times a woman has been pg, including the present pg.
• doesn't matter if the fetus was dead or alive

awoman that has had 2 or more pg past 20 weeks

a woman who has n ever been pg

a pg woman wh has been pg at least once before

• 1 - 3 months
• nausea

• 4-6 months
• honeymoon, feels well 

• 7 -9 months
• tired of peeing 

stretch marks r/t rapid expansion of body parts

• a dark line of skin vertically across abdoen
• r/t hormones 

1st time a woman feels the fetus move

• a woman who is not having periods
• r/t menopause, training, pg, etc
• can be 1 month or longer  

• doc puts finger against fetus' head
• if it floats it's not engaged,
• not ready to be born  

• brown skin patches on face,
• r/t hormone 

• estimated day of delivery
• estimated day of confinement 

EDD = 1st day of last period - 3 months + 7 days

• 5 tests
• each worth 2 points 
• tells how the fetus is doing in utero 

 pg slows down peristalsis -> constipation -> hemorrhoids

sitting too much -> varicose veins

• 3rd trimester, baby drops which lightens the load
• getting ready for birth
• 1st pg usually 3 weeks before birth  

blueish color to vagina r/t increased blood flow

softening of the cervix

softening of the lower sgment of the abdomen

first C section

1 or more previous C sections

1 baby past 20 weeks

a woman who is pg for the firts time

• elevaded bloodpressure after 20 weeks that can lead to seizures
• pre = before
• clampsia  = seizures
•    

signs of pg that are subjective, i.e. perceived by the woman

18 weeks

2 - 3 weeks

2 - 12 weeks

• objective signs of pg
• include all physiologica and anatomical changes that the doctor can perceive

objective signs of pg that can only be attributed to the fetus

10 - 12 weeks

the placent goes through the endo to implant, causes bleeding after birth, need D&C

110 - 160 bpm

40 - 60 bpm

what part of the fetus presents first

butt first

• head first
• 90 - 95% of deliveries 

foot first

• looking at the cervix, where is the back of the head (occipitant) in relationship to the 4 quads of the mother's pelvis;
• left or right
• anterior or posterior  

• the depth of the presenting part in relationship to mom's pelvis
• -3 to +3 
• 0 is spine, neutral
• +3 can see the head
• -3 is still floating, not engaged   

• how much the cervix had dilated
• 1 - 10 sonameters
• 1 sonameter = 2 finger widths
• doc compares how far apart his fingers are to a chart   

• how much has the cervix effaced (thinned)
• percentage, measure how far on the finger
• can't feel any lip then cervix is 100% effaced   

• presenting part is locked into the pelvis,
• not floating
• ready to be born  

bag of waters

rupture of membranes

spontaneous rupture of membran

artificial rupture of membranes

labor before 37 weeks

labor and delivery in less than 3 hours

external fetal monitoring

• internal fetal monitoring,
• must be after ROM 
• 2 cath. 1 on fetus' head, other on mom?

cut from vagina to rectum to avoid a tear during birth

vaginal birth after C section

big baby

cord is wrapped around the baby's neck

• vaginal discharge of mucus plug
• cervix starts dilating and its plug falls out 
• only a little blood 

• false contractions, body warming up for real labor
• start in back and come around to  abdomen,
• woman walks around and they stop 
• (real contractions will continue and increase in intensity) 

• 1.  baby drops lower
• 2.  vaginal discharge (bloody show)
• 3.  Braxton-Hicks contractions
• 4.  cervical changes, feels more soft
• 5.  SROM    

• 1.  abdominal cramping or pain,
• 2.  vaginal spotting or bleeding
• 3.  absence of fetal heart tone
• 4.  dysurin, frequency, urgency
• 5.  fever, chills
• 6.  prolonged nausea and vomiting,      

• 1.  severe headache
• 2.  epigastric pain
• 3.  nausea/vomiting
• 4.  deep tendon hyper reflexes
•        0 = no reflex
•        4 = brisk w/ clonus (tapping) 
• 5.  restlessness

• prenatal
• starts at conception, ends w/ the beginning of labor 

• 1.  Chadwick's sign
• 2.  Goodwell's sign
• 3.  Hegar's sign
• 4.  urterine and abdominal growth
• 5.  cholasma
• 6.  linea nigra
• 7. nipples and areola bigger and darker
• 8.  ballottement  
• 9. positive pg test 

• 1.  amenorrhea
• 2.  nausea/vomiting
• 3.  breast changes
• 4.  fatigue
• 5.  frequent urination
• 6.  quickening     

• 1.  fetal heart beat
• 2.  observation/palpatation of fetal movement
• 3.  sonographic visulization of fetus