-
Describe benefits of a fitness assessment
- Provides an ongoing gathering of information, allowing a pft to modify and progress a client through an integrated training program.
- Allows a pft to continually monitor a clients needs, functional capabilities, and physiological effects of exercise
- enables the client to realize the full benefit of an individualized training program.
-
Subjective information
- General and medical history
- Occupation
- Lifestyle
- medical
- personal information
-
Objective information
- Physiological assessments
- body composition testing
- cardiorespiratory assessments
- static and dynamic postural assessments
- performance assessments
-
Why is it important to know if a client sits for a large portion of the day?
- Sitting indicator of hips flexed for prolonged periods of time
- this can lead to tight hip flexors
- tight hip flexors mean postural imbalances
- sitting can also indicate rounded shoulders, head/shoulder fatigue
- this leads to postural head and shoulder imbalances
-
What does repetitive movements indicate during subjective info of fitness assessment
- Repetitive movements create pattern overload to muscles and joints
- this can lead to tissue trauma and thus kinetic chain dysfunction
- eg. arms overhead for long periods of time may lead to shoulder soreness due to tight lattissimus dorsi and weak rotator cuff
-
What might wearing dress shoes with a heel indicate in the subjective assessment
- the ankle complex is in a plantar flexion position for extended time
- leading to tightness in the gastrocnemius and soleus
- leads to postural imbalances such as over pronation at the foot and ankle complex (flattening of arch)
-
What might mental stress indicate in a subjective assessment?
- mental stress or anxiety can lead to dysfunctional breathing
- this can lead to postural distortion or kinetic chain dysfunction
- eg. overuse of secondary respiratory muscles such as scalenes, sternocleidomastoid, levator scapulae, and upper trapezius
- these muscles play a major postural role in kinetic chain
- Inadequate O2 and retention of metabolic waste can lead to fatigued stiff muscles.
-
What might recreation indicate?
Physical activities like golf, tennis, skiing
-
Hobbies might indicate?
- Not necessarily physical but might indicate stressors to kinetic chain:
- Gardening
- playing cards
- watching tv
- playing video games
-
Medical history is important component of subjective assessment because?
- Provides info on chronic diseases (High BP, diabetes, heart disease)
- Info on structure and function of client
- past injuries
- surgeries
- conditions
-
Past injuries as Ankle sprains might result in
- decrease neural control of gluteus medius and maximus
- in turn leads to poor control of lower extermeties during functional activities
-
Knee injuries can cause
- decreas neural control to muscles that stabilize the knee and lead to further injuries
- non contact knee injuries often result in ankle or hip dysfunction
- further hip ankle dysfunction can result in altered movement and force distribution of the knee
-
Low back injuries can
- cause decreased neural control to stabilize muscles of the core
- resulting in poor stabilization of the spine
- lead to dysfunction in upper and lower extremeties
-
shoulder injuries cause
- altered neural control of the rotator cuff
- lead to instability of the shoulder joint
-
Surgeries can
- lead to dysfunction similar to an injury if not properly rehabilitated
- eg. c section, appendectomy, shoulder, knee, back etc.
-
Chronic conditions include
- hypertension
- cardiovascular disease
- stroke
- lung or breathing problems
- obesity
- diabetes mellitus
- high cholesterol
-
It is estimated that __% of the American adult population does not partake in 30 minutes of low to moderate physical activity on a daily basis. Resulting in > risk of _______.
- 75%
- chronic conditions (hypertension, obesity, etc)
-
Medications prescribed for hypertension include:
- beta blockers
- calcium channel blockers
- nitrates
- vasodialators
- diuretics
-
Bronchodilators are prescribed for
correct or prevent bronchial smooth muscle constriction in individuals with asthma or other pulmonary diseases
-
Objective information is
- gathered to provide the health and fitness professional with forms of measureable data
- Includes: physiological assessments
- body composition assessments
- cardiorespiratory assessments
- movement assessments (posture)
- performance assessments
-
On avereage resting heart rate for male is ___ BPM
and ___ BPM for female
- male =70 BPM,
- female=75 BPM
-
When taking a pulse what are important things to remember?
- touch should be gentle
- take at same time of day
- must be taken when client is calm
-
Where are circumference measures taken:
- Neck: across adams apple
- Chest: nipple line
- waist: narrowest part; or if none accross navel
- Hips: widest portion of buttocks
- Thighs: 10 in above patella
- calves: max circumference
- Biceps: max circ.
-
Portable instrument that conducts elcectrical current through the body to measure fat
Bioelectrical impedance
-
Skin fold sites and formula
- Biceps: vertical fold on front of arm. Arm relaxed, halfway between shoulder and elbow
- Iliac Crest: a 45 deg fold just above iliac crest and medial to the axillary line
- Triceps: a vert fold on back of upper arm, arm relaxed, halfway shoulder/elbow
- Subscapular: 45 deg angle fold 1-2 cm below the inferior angle of the scapula
- All on right side; Sum measures in mm use Durnin Womersley table for age and sex = % body fat
-
How do you calculate fat mass and lean body mass?
- Body fat % * scale weight = fat mass
- Scale weight - fat mass = lean body mass
-
BMI =
- BMI = Weight/height (m2)
- =kg/m2
- exceeding 25 = obese
-
Obesity classifications
- Mild 25-30
- Moderate 30-35
- Severe >35
-
Waist to hip ratio
- smallest part of waist/largest part of hip
- above 0.8 for women
- above 0.95 for men
- may put individuals at risk for many diseases
-
Max heart rate calculations and zones
- Max HR = 220-age
- Zone 1: HRmax * 0.65 and 0.75
- Zone 2: HRmax * 0.80 and 0.85
- Zone 3: HRmax * 0.86 and 0.90
-
Describe cardiovascular efficiency calculation for 3 min step test
- have a client do 24 steps per min on 18 in step (may be lowered) for 3 min (approx 72 steps)
- Rest for 1 min
- then take pulse for 30 sec (recovery pulse)
- calc fitness level by:
Duration of exercise (sec) * 100/Recovery Pulse * 5.6
- 28-38 poor Zone 1
- 39-48 fair Zone 1
- 49-59 avg Zone 2
- 60-70 good Zone 2
- 71-100 very good Zone 3
-
Describe purpose of 3 heart rate training zones
- Zone 1: Builds aerobic base and aids in recovery
- Zone 2: Increases endurance and trains the anaerobic threshold
- Zone 3: Builds high end work capacity
-
Describe steps in rockport step test
- Determine max HR (220-age)
- Record weight
- Walk 1 mile as fast as pos yet controlled
- Record time to complet 1 mi
- Take HR immediately (BPM)
- Calculate VO or oxygen consumption using formula
- Identify appropriate score and appropriate category/zone
|
|