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What is the groove in the upper lip and btw. the nostrils?
Philtrum
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What is everything rostral to the eye?
Muzzle or snout
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What structures surrounding the opening of the mouth
Lips
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What are the flews
Fleshy, hanging, lateral part of upper lip, especially pendulous in bloodhounds
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What is the stop?
Angle of nose bridge btw the eyes, anlges varies from breed to breed
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Name for the two eyelides
Upper/Superior palpebra, or lower/inferior palpebra
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highest point/summit of head?
crown
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Describe the external ear
Vertical part: ventrally and Horizontal part: to the ear drum
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Show term for the external occipital protuberance
occiput
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Show term for cranial portion of the neck
throat
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Show term for the top line of the neck
crest
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What does the occipital bone form?
Caudal Cranial Cavity and Caudal skull
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What bone forms the rostral wall of the cranial cavity
Ethmoid bone
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What forms the lateral face, part of the hard palate and holds the upper cheek teeth?
Maxillary bone or maxilla
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How does the spinal cord enter the cranial cavity?
Foremen magnum (occipital bone)
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The facial part of the skull houses what two cavities?
Nasal and Oral
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What are the three types of canine skulls
- Mesaticephalic (average)
- Dolichocephalic (long)
- Brachycephalic (short)
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What suspends the larynz and tongue from the skull?
hyoid apparatus
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What unpaired hyoid bone is palpable and prominent in lateral radiographs
basiohyoid
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What bony arch forms the lateral side of the bony orbit
zygomatic arch
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What is the name for the bony socket that holds the eye?
orbit
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What hard structure is formed by the horizontal parts of the incisive, palatine and maxillary bones?
Hard palate
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What foramen is located on the maxillary part of the skull?
infraorbital foramen
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what is the rostral opening of the mandibular canal?
mental foramen
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What is the smooth bulbous enlargement on the ventral surface of the temopral bone housing the middle ear
tympanic bulla/middle ear
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What scrolls of bone fill the nasal cavity?
Nasal conchae
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What is the large opening caudal to the zygomatic arch where the external ear attaches?
external acoustic meatus
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What cavity contains the brain, its meninges and blood vessels?
Cranial Cavity/vault, neurocranium, calvarium
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What is the median protuberance of the caudal skull?
External occiptial protuberance
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What extends rostrally from the external occipital protuberance?
External saggital crest
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Where do the left and right halved of the mandible meet?
Manibular symphysis
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The articular (condylar) process of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form what joint?
temporomandibular joint
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What structures of the skull articulate with the first cervial vertebra?
occipital condyles
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On what elevation do the mandibular and sublingual ducts open?
sublingual caruncle
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What separates the repiratory and digestive passages in the head?
hard and soft pallates
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What are the large mushroom shaped papillae on the caudal part of the tongue
vallate papillae
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What are the gross parts of the tongue
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Name the four substances found in teeth from inside out
- Enamel (superficial crown)
- Cementum (superficial on root)
- Dentin
- Pulp (inside)
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What is the hardest substance in the body?
Enamel
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Name the 4 types of permanent teeth and give their abbreviations
- Incisors (I)
- canine (C)
- Premolars (PM)
- Molars (M)
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Premolars and molars make up the ____ teeth
Cheek teeth
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Name the two sets of teeth
Deciduous teeth and permanent
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Name the 3 parts of low-crowned (brachydont) teeth of carnivores
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What are the shorthand representations of the number of teeth?
Dental Formulas
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What forms the bulk of the tooth and surrounds the pulp cavity?
Dentin
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Where are nerves found in the teeth
pulp cavity
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What is the socket the teeth sit in?
Aveoli
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What hold the teeth in the alveoli? What does it connect?
Periodontal membrane, connects cementum on root with alveolar wall
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What is the permanent dental formula of the dog?
2(I 3/3 C 1/1 P 4/4 M 2/3) =42
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Is the dental formula constant in dogs? Why?
No, brachycephalic breeds may be missing teeth
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What is the permanent dental forumal for the cat?
2(I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1) =30
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What is a furcation?
- Where the roots seperate from the body
- or
- the tooth in multirooted teeth
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What the deciduous formula for dogs?
2( Id 3/3 Cd 1/1 Pmd 3/3) = 28
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What the deciduous formula for cats?
2( Id 3/3 Cd 1/1 Pmd 3/2) = 26
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List the 4 major salivary glands in the dog
- Parotid
- Mandibular
- Sublingual
- Zygomatic
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What is the course of the parotid duct?
Crosses masseter in groove, pierces cheek across from upper PM (carnassial tooth)
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How are the sublingual and mandibular salivary glands related?
Monostomatic sublingual shares a capsule with mandibular salivary gland
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What is the common passageway for the digestive and respiratory systems?
Pharynx (throat)
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What openings connect the pharynx to the middle ear?
Pharyngeal openings of auditory tubes
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What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx
Oro-, naso-, & larygeopharynx
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Name the 2 openings from the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx
Caudal nare/chonchea
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Where in the pharynx is the palatine tonsil located?
Lateral wall of oropharynx
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The palantine tonsil sits in a ______ and covered on its ____ side by the _____ ____
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