Cardiovascular System

Vessel 

• Aorta
•  

• Artery
•  

Fatty paste (lipid)

atrium

Heart

Heart

Muscle

chest

pulse

clot

Vein

Swollen twisted vein

• Ventricle
• (belly or pouch) 

Upper right and left chambers of the hear

membrane lining the cavaties of the heart

Membrane forming the outer layer of the hear

partition between right and left atrium

partition between right and left ventricle

Lower right and left chambers of the heart

structures within the heart that open and close with the heart beat to regulate one way blood flow

heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta

heart valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle 

heart valve opening from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery

Valves lovated at intervals within the lining of the veings especially in the legs

Vessels that carry blood from the heart to the arterioles

Large artery that is the main trunk of the arterial system branching from the left ventricle

Small vessels that receive blood from the arteries

tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules

Small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries

vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules

Circulation of the blood throughout the body through arteries arterioles vapillaries and veins to deliver oxygen and nutrients to body tissue

Circulation of the blood from the pulmonary artery through the vessels in the lungs and back to the heart

to expand (when blood enters the relaxed ventricles) 

to contract (when blood is ejected through the artery)

normal blood pressure

low blood pressure

high blood pressure

The pacemaker --specialized tissue embedded in the wall of the right atrium responsible for initiating electrical conduction of th eheart beat

nuerological tissue in the middle of the heart that receives and amplifies the conduction of impulses from the SA node

resting --resting state of myocardial cell

change in the heart from a polarized state to a contracting state

recharging of the myocardial cell from contracted back to resting state

regular rhythm of the heart cycle

thickening, loss of elasticity and calcification of the arterial walls

Build up of fatty substances within the walls of the arteries

a stationsary blood clot

a clot in the blodstream that obstructs whenit lodges

condition of narrowing of a part

compression of a part

plugging or closing off of a part

to hold back blood - decreased blood flow to tissue 

Chest pain caused by narrowing of of the coronary arteries

a localized areaof necrosis caused by ischemia as a result of occlusion of blood vessels

a widening bulging of hte wall of the heart the aorta or an artery caused by congenital defect or acquired weekeness

subjective experiences of pounding skipping or racing heartbeats

to grown --an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve 

any of several kinds of irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat

abnormal heart beat

slow heart rate <60/min

chaotic irregular contractions of the heart as in atrial or ventricular fibrillation

extremely rapid but regular contractions of the heart as in artrial or ventricular fibrilliation 

fast heart rate >100/ min

a degenerative conditoin of the arteries - thickening of the inner lining loss of elasticity and susceptibility to rupture

a general term for disease of the heart muscle 

failure of the left ventricle to pump an adequate amount of blood to meet the deamnds of the body  causing edema in lower extremeties

conditoin affecting arteries of the heart that reduces the flow of bloodand delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the myocardium

persistently high blood pressure

protrustion of one or both cusps of the mitral valve

heart attack death of myocardial tissue

Inflammation of the myocardium canused by viral or bacterial infection

inflammation of the pericardium

inflammation of a vein

Damage to heart muscle and heart valves by rheumatic fever

inflammation of a vein

abnormally swollen twisted veins with defective valves

Formation of a clot in a deep vein of th ebody (femoral and iliac veins)

a examination method of listening to sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope

an abnormal heart sound 

an electrical picture of the heart represented by postivie and negative defections on a graph

 Use of nuclear isotopes and computed tomography techniques to produce blood flow imapes and study the heart

xray imagining

an echocardiographic image of the heart after placesment of an ultrasonic transducer at the end of an endoscope inside the esophagus

Grafting a portion of a blood vessel retrieved from anothe rpart of the body to bypass an occluded coronary artery thus restoring circualtion to myocardial tissue. 

incision and coring of the lining of an artery to clear a blockage

surgery to replace a diseased heart valve with an articifical one 

termination of ventricular fibrilliation by delivery of an electrical stimulus to the heart (shock to the heart) using the defibrillation

a drug that suppresses the conversion of angiostensin in the blood -used in hypertension

a drug that dilates coronary arteries restoring oxygen to the tisseus to relieve the pain of angina pectoris

a drug that counteracts cardiac arrhytmia 

a drug atha prevents clotting

agents that inhibit response to nerve activity used to treat angina and hypertension 

Agents taht inhibit the entry of calcium ions in the heart muscle-used in hypertension and some arrhythmias 

a drug that increases the force of myocardial contractions in the heart -Treats congestive heart failure

a drug that increases secretion of urine

a drug that reduces fat and cholesterol

drugs  used to dissolve blood clots

a drug that cuases narrowing of the blood vessels decreasing blood flow

a drug that causes dilation of the blood vesslels increasing blood flow