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Numbers of mils in 360 degrees
6283
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Mil Relation Formula
Height of object in inches x 27.8 (25.4) / mils read = range in yards (meters)
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Lead Formula for moving targets
Time of flight (sec) x Speed of target (fps) = Lead from center-mass in feet (full value lead)
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Conversion of MOA to Mil (Division)
MOA Value / 3.438 = Mil Value
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Mil Click Value @ 100m
1 click = .1 mil = 1 centimeter
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number of radians in a circle
6.283
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convert MOA to MILS (Multiply)
moa (0.2909) = Mils
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Convert MOA hold to mils (Division)
MOA / 3.5 = mil hold
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Deterministic Variables
variables that can be measured and accounted for (ex; gravity drop, spin drift)
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Non-deterministic variables
variables that cannot be directly measured and affect the trajectory of the bullet (ex; wind, different muzzle velocities
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accuracy
the measure of how close your shots are to the center of the target
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precision
how tightly the shots are grouped together.
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point blank range
the distance between a firearm and a target of a given size such that the bullet in flight is expected to strike the target without adjusting the elevation of the firearm
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Attributes that determine BC
- Weight
- Cross sectional area
- Form Factor
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12" measeurements on the human body (3)
- -top of the head to the collarbone
- -bottom of chin to center mass
- -shoulder to elbow
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To convert centimeters to inches
multiply the inches by 2.54
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To convert inches to centimeters
multiply the inches by 0.3937
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four target indicators, VATO!
- 1. Visual
- 2. Auditory
- 3. Tactile
- 4. Olfactory
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Kinetic Energy is proportionate to what two bullet characteristics?
mass and velocity
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Lag Time
The difference between time of flight and time of flight in a vacuum
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Wind deflection is directional proportionate to?
lag time and crosswind speed
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wind delfection formula
WD= Ws(Tlag)
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Lag Time is affected by two things the shooter has control over:
BC and muzzle velocity
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What determines the wind sensativity if a bullet?
Muzzle velocity and BC
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wind gradient
the variation of wind speed with height above ground
(the higher you go the faster the wind, therefore you should consider the maximum ordinate of the round when factoring in wind deflection)
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wind gradient
the tendency for wind to move faster farther off the ground
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point forward flight
means that the nose of the bullet is always pointed straight into the oncoming airflow like a weather vane.
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in order to get better at hitting targets, you must........
....understand what causes us to miss targets.
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precision is expressed by shooters as:
group size
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Accuracy is....
centering the group or shot
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Conversion formula for MPH to FPS:
MPH (1.4667) = FPS
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Moving Target Formula for Lead in Feet
TOF (sec) x Target Speed (fps)=Lead (Feet)
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Moving Target Formula for Lead in inches
TOF(sec)xTarget Speed(fps)x12= Lead (inches)
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Convert Mils to MOA: (Multiply)
Mils x 3.4=MOA
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1 centimeter = how many millimeters?
10
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Convert centimeters to inches formula
multiply inches by 2.54
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one inch = ? centimeters
2.54
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convert inches to centimeters formula
multiply inches by .4
(.3937)
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100 yards = ? meters
91.44
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convert yards to meters formula
multiply yards by .9144
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A primer is made up of three components:
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Parallax
the apparent shift in anobjects position when you look at it from a different vantage
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Cadaveric Spasm
The momentary convulsion or spasm in which the suspect's muscles tighten suddenly
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Caliber
- -The diameter of the lands in a rifle barrel
- -the diameter of a bullet expressed as a decimal fraction of an inch
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cannelure
the crimping groove around a bullet
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Density Altitude is a function of:
- temperature
- elevation
- barometric pressure
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False hide
used to distract susepct from actual shooting position
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Four types of Hostage Rescue (most to least desirable)
- Negotiations
- Open Air Takedown
- Vehicle Assault
- Stronghold Assault
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Four Basic Hostage Taker profiles
- Mentally ill
- Domestic disturbance
- Criminal
- Terrorist
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Four types of deployment on HR
- Opposite Corners
- L -Shape
- V-Shape
- Side by Side
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Three parts of the brain stem
- Mid Brain
- Pons
- Medullla Oblongata
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Target Speed for: (fps)
Slow Patrol:
Fast Patrol:
Slow Walk:
Fast Walk:
Run:
- Slow Patrol: 1fps
- Fast Patrol: 2fps
- Slow Walk: 4fps
- Fast Walk: 6fps
- Run: 10-12fps
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Formula: convert lead in feet to inches
Lead in Feet x 12 = lead in inches
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Convert lead in inches to Mils formula:
- lead in inches / range (yards/100)
- -------------------------------------- =Mil Lead
- 3.6
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Formula for target that is moving INTO the wind
Target lead + wind hold = Total Lead
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Formula for target that is moving WITH the wind
Target lead - wind hold = total lead
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Three methods of engaging moving targets
- Tracking
- Trapping
- Snap shot
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1 circle = how many:
-degrees
-mils
-minutes
- 360 degrees
- 6400 mils
- 21600 moa
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Target Indicator
Anything that the Sniper does or fails to do that will reveal his position, presence, or passage to the enemy.
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3 types of target indicators:
- Sound
- Movement
- Improper Camo
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Factors to consider; moving targets
- -wind affects
- -angle of targets movement
- -range
- -speed of target
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