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Primary Prevention
preventing occurence of disease, eg. nutrition, exercise, stress management, immunization, injury prevention
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Secondary Prevention
early diagnosis and treatment to prevent complications, eg. screening for hypertension, diabetes, cancer
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Tertiary Prevention
focuses on rehabilitation, control of pain, caretaker support
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Risk Factors for Disease
Poor nutrition, lack of exercise, poor stress management, smoking, alcohol
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Nutrients for Optimum Health
- Protein
- Fat
- Carbohydrates
- Vitamins
- Minerals
- Water
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Protein Requirement of Young Adults
0.8 g / kg of body weight
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Protein Requirement of Older Adults
1 to 1.5 g / kg of body weight
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10 Recommendations to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk
- Be lean - within the range of normal body weight
- Be physically active everyday
- Limit intake of red meat and avoid processed meat
- Manage diabetes
- Limit alcoholic drinks
- Prevent cigarette smoking
- Limit consumption of salt, saturated fat, processes carbohydrates
- Increase intake of fruits (K) and vegetables (Mg)
- Increase intake of foods high in Ca
- Replace animal fat with olive or canola oil
- Avoid partially hydrogenated oil
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10 Recommendations to Reduce Cancer Risk
- Be lean - within the range of normal body weight
- Be physically active everyday
- Limit intake of red meat and avoid processed meat
- Eat mostly foods of plant origin
- Limit alcoholic beverages
- Limit intake of energy dense foods
- Limit consumption of salt, avoid moldy cereals or legumes
- Aim to meet nutritional needs through diet alone
- Mothers to breastfeed; children to be breastfed
- For cancer survivors, follow the recommendations for cancer prevention
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