Old Testament Survey

• The Tabernacle/Temple as Sanctuary
• The Garden as Sanctuary
• The Land as Sanctuary
• Orientation: East
• Guardians: Cherubim, Seraphim
• The Flora: Temple floral design

• The Garden of Abundance:
• The river, The precious stones, The joy and gladness
• The Temple of Abundance:
• The river, The precious metals
• The Land of Abundance:
• The river, A good land, A land flowing with milk and honey

• Ezekiel 20:6
• Topography of ANE:
• Fertile Crescent, Mesopotamia, Land Bridge
• Topography of  Palestinian Levant:
• Water features (Mediterranean,Sea of Galilee, Jordan, Gulf of Aqaba), longitudinal zones (coast-mountain-valley-mountain-desert), dimensions (250X80)
•  

• Wet season
• unstable & unpredictable 
• Dry season
• stable
• Transitional periods
• east wind

• Agricultural cycle - no irrigation
• Season of plowing and planting - early, heavy, late rains
• Season of harvesting - Grain, grape, olive

• The associations - history of redemption, agricultural yr
• The names
• - Exodus 23:14-17 (unleavened bread, harvest, ingathering)
• - Leviticus 23:4-22, 33-44 (passover/unleavened bread/ first fruits, weeks, tabernacles)
• The fulfillments
• 1. Passover & passion of Christ
• 2. Weeks & Pentecost
• 3. Tabernacles & Marriage Supper of the Lamb

The recovery and understanding of humankind's history through the study of physical remains and material culture such as bones, pottery, ornaments, weapons and architecture. - DANE

• An artificial mound on low hill formed from the successive remains of ancient settlements (location: water, on defense) 
• EX. Azekah; Beth Shean

• CONCEPT- the process of studying the layers in a tell
• a. layer method
• b. tranch method

corroborate the general historicity and reliability of the biblical record BUT CANNOT prove theology, although it can illustrate biblical text

• Eucharitic texts and languages
• Chief Deities:
• El "god"
• Asherah
• Baal
• Yamm
• Anat
• Mot 

• Baal vs Yamm - He won because he calmed the sea and brought the rain
• House Building - so he has a house to reign in - with windows so rain can come out
• Baal vs Mot - Battle at the beginning of the dry season & Mot wins but Anat rescues Baal and they go fight Yamm

• Numbers 25:1-9
• 1Kings 17-18 

• English Divisions:
• Law
• History
• Poetry
• Prophecy

• Hebrew Divisions:
• Law
• Prophets
• Writing 

• English law (Pentateuch) & Hebrew Law (Torah):
• Genesis
• Exodus
• Leviticus
• Numbers
• Deuteronomy

• English History:
• Joshua-Esther

• Hebrew Prophets:
• Former: Joshua-Kings minus Ruth
• Later: Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel & 12 little 

Genesis to Kings (minus Ruth) - following orderly with literary and theological unit

*Deuteronomy is the hinge 

• Gen. - Garden
• Ex. - Egypt
• Lev. - Mt. Sinai
• Num. - Moab
• Deut.
• Josh. - Conquest of Jericho
• Judges - neg. story of living in Jericho
• Sam. - people getting Kings
• Kgs. - Babylonian captivity 

• Blessing for the nations
• Genesis 12:1-3
• (11 sub-sections)
• BRK - bless (88x in OT)
• Empowered for abundant living - children & wealth 

• Rescue and Relationship
• Exodus 20:1-3 "I am the Lord your God"
• Rescue: (1-18) out of Egypt through wilderness
• Relationship: (19-40) principles & presence

Focus is on relationship (holy time, broken relationship, renewed relationship, holy time)

• Holiness
• Leviticus 19:1-2
• structure:
• holiness in God's presence (1-16)
• holiness in daily living (17-27) 
• message:
• call to holiness, abundance

• Human failings and Divine Faithfulness
• Numbers 24:1

• structure:
• preparing to enter the land
• Sinai to Paran
• preparing to enter the land
• Kadesh to Moab
• preparing to enter the land
• message:
• Human failings (complaint stories & rebellion stories & divine faithfulness)

Numbers 6:22-27 - perfect blessing - May God empower you to experience a life of peace

• Renewing Loyalty and Love
• Deut. 6:4-5 - The Shema
• The structure:
• Motivated by God's grace in past
• Guided by God's instructions for life
• Inspired by God's consequences for choices
• Motivated by God's grace for the future

Lord

God above

Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one. You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in yuour house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.

• Inheriting the promise
• Joshua 23:14 
•  
• Conquering the land (1-12)
• Distributing the land (13-22)
• message:
• God is faithful to fulfill his promise through loyalty and love

• The need for a King
• Judges 21:25
• structure:
• the roots of apostasy (1-3:6)
• downwardn spiral (3:7-16:31)
• results onnf apostasy (17:11:25)
• concentric pattern
• Othniel
• Ehud & a minor judge
• Deborah
• Gideon
• Abimelech & two minor
• Jephthah & 3
• Samso
• Message: rots of apostasy

• The Rise of the Kingdom
• 2 Samuel 7:19b (for the benefit of humanity)
• The structure & Message:
• The prolog: The Lord, the great reverser
• ex. Hannah who was barren has Samuel
• The narrative:
• Through Samuel, the Lord sets up the monarchy
• Because of Saul, the Lord rejects the first monarch
• David: the Lord establishes the monarchy
• (The Lord protects, blesses, exiles, and restores David)
• Chaism: trouble-deliverance-praise-praise-deliverance-trouble

• The demise of the kingdom
• 2 Kings 17:7-8
• The structure:
• the kingdom united under Solomon
• the kingdom divided in two
• the kingdom of the south alone
• the message:
• demise through disobedience
• - King Manasseh (sin & judgment)
• Any hope? 

• Restoring the Kingdom
• (same text, different audience)
• Jewish traditionb
• -Ezra
• Ezra>Nehemiah>Chronicles (Hebrew "writings")
• 19th century proposalsal
• connected history
• most scholars follow suit
• Modern Consensus
• separate works

• A single, intentional narrative
• Ezra and Chronicles are tied together
• common themes:
• temple construction and reconstruction
• celebration of passover
• priority of the written word 

• "Bible Study"presenting anidealized history to encourage its possibility
• 2 Chronicles 7:14
• humble, pray, seek, turn, heal, forgive 

Spirituality was finding piety in Bible, not Temple

• Synagogue: low church
• Temple: High Church
• from liturgical to scriptures 
• 539 bc
• To the post exilic community in Judah (is God still interested)
• God is always ready to restore people to His presence, so this was written to encourage the people to trust and obey. 

• The people of God (all Israel)
• The institutions of God (kingship is davidic & temple)
• The blessing of God (living ini God's word, following David & Solomon) 

• Manasseh:
• sin
• judgment in exile
• repentance
• restoration
• reign 

• Rebuilding God's House
• Ezra 1:2
• unity: treated as one ancient tradition, divided in two ater on(185-253 AD)
• Outline:
• return of exiles and rebuilding of the temple
• return of Ezra & rebuilding of the community

The word of God is the moving force

• The rebuilding of the house of God
• The people of God as a whole, not just the great leaders are vital for accomplishing the objectives
• The written word is a powerful force used by God  to accomplish his objective
• purpose: God works sovereignly through responsible human agents to accomplish his objective 

• Determination
• Determination to study the word, live the word, teach the word

• Chapter 1&2 as an introductions with no titles
• (blessed, perish+way, meditate)
• holy and happy - children's catechism
• as instruction (not hymnal)

• A happy life
• Blessedness is opposite of perishing
• (ashrey (aleph) - tobed (tav))
• Blessedness is the same as happiness (Ps112:1)
• A promise of success
• (consentricly arranged)  

• more than prosper
• setting goals and reaching them; God's Word always succeeds 

• A holy life
• a call to delight in the Lord's instruction
• Torah means instruction (found in Moses & Psalms) - 5 books (Ps.1-41;42-72;73-89;90-106;107-150)
• a call to meditate on the Lord's instruction
• avoiding the wrong advice and absorbing the right advice meditate with your mouth & your heart 

• Prov. 1:1-7
• Self-contained unit with three sub-sections
• structure:
• title, purpose, theme
• message:
• proverbs; Solomon; king of Israel
• purpose:
• The substance of wisdom, the expression of wisdom
• "The fear of the Lord" (v7)
•  cognitive thoughts
• affective/emotions
• volitional/will 

• Jeremiah 7:25
• day after day, again and again I sent you my servants the prophets

• Prophet -to speak before or predict or proclaim (Greek: prophatase; Hebrew: navi)
• Servant - Hebrew: eved (a subordinate/officer of Kings court)
• Seer - 2 Sam.24:11 (ability to see into spiritual realm)
• Messenger - Haggai/Malachai
• Man of God - 1 Sam.2:27 (not godly man) 

• Ancient near east treaties
•  *Parity treaties (2 equal kings on par)
•  *Suzerain-Vassal treaties (superior & subordinate)
• Emissary of the Great King (suzerain)
•  * 2Kgs17 -the Lord warns them through the seers
•  * Hos.12:2 - the Lord has a charge to bring against Judah
•  * Micah 6:2 - He has a case and is charging them 

• (like within the Torah)
• Stories:
• Biography (Daniel 1-6) Ezra
• Autobiography (Dan.7-12) Nehemiah
• Functions:
• Prophetic call gives you vailidity to their call
• Symbolic actions
• Vision reports
• Historical background