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muscle
tissue composed of fibers that can cntract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body
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origin of the muscle
muscle end attache to the bone that does not that does not move when the muscle contracts
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insertion of a muscle
muscle end attached tothe bone that moves when the muscle contracts
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tendon
a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone
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fcia
a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue tht covers, supports and separates muscle
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coronal (frontal) plane
vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) poortions
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sagital plane
vertical division of body into right and left portions
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transverese plane
horizontal division of body into upper and lower portions
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terms of position and direction
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anterior (A) (venteral)
front of body
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posterior (P) dorsal
bacl of body
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anterior-posterior (A-P)
from front to back; commonly associated with the direction of an xray beam
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posterior-anterior (P-A)
from back to front; commonly associated with the direction of an xray beam
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superior (cephalic)
situated above another structure, toward the head
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inferior (caudal)
situated below another structure, away the head
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supination
turning upward or forward of the palmar surface of the hand or plantar surface of the foot (serving soup -hand up
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pronation
turning downward or backward of the palmar surface of the hand or planter surfance of the foot
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dorsiflexation
bending the sole of the foot or toes upward
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plantarflexation
bending the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground
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range of motion (ROM)
goniometer
total motion ossible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements, i.e., ability to flex, extend, abduct, ardduct; meared in degrees
instrument used to measure joint angles
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bunion
swelling of the joint at the base of the great toe caused by inflamation of the bursa
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carpal tunnell syndrome
compression of the median nerve with in the carpal tunnel at the wrist, pain numbness and tingleing in wrist and fingers, result of trauma surrounding the tendons
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chondromalcia
softening of he catlidge
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osteosarcoma
rickets
softening of the bone caused by calcium and vitamin d defiency
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osteomyelitis
infection of the bone marrow caising inflamation
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oesteoporosis
condition of bondebone density caused by brittle bones and liable to fracture
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sprain
injury to a ligament caused by joint trauma but without dilocation or dilocation or fracture
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bone scan
radionucloid image of bone tissue to detect tumor
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amputaion
- partial of complete removal of a limb
- AKA above the knee
- BKA below the knee amputation
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arthocentesis
puncture for aspiration of a join
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arthrodesis
binding or fusing of joint surfaces
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anthroplasty
repair or constuction of a joint
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myoplasy
repair of a muscle
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open reduction, internal fixation of a fractiure (ORIF)
internal repair of a fracture by bringing bones back into alignment and fixing them into place, often with screws, pins ect
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closed reduction, percutaneous fixation of a fracture
external manipulation to regain alignment, followed by incertion of one or more pins through the skin to maintain position-often includes a devise called fixator to keep fracture immobilized.
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ORIF
open reduction internal fixation
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