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Trapezius
Origin:
external occipital protuberance; superior nuchal line; ligamentum nuchae; spinous process of C7-T12
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Trapezius
Insertion:
lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
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Trapezius
As whole Action:
retracts scapula
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Trapezius
Action of superior fibers:
pull lateral angle upward
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Trapezius
Action of inferior fibers:
pull base of spine downward, rotating glenoid cavity upward (abduction of arm)
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Trapezius
Action of middle fibers:
upward rotation and prevents sagging of lateral angle (glenoid cavity) of scapula
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Trapezius
Innervation:
CN XI (spinal accessory N)
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Splenius capitus
Origin:
nuchal ligament and spinous process of T1-6
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Splenius capitus
Insertion:
mastoid process and superior nuchal line
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Splenius capitus
Unilateral Action:
laterally flexes and rotates head to same side
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Splenius Capitus
Bilateral Action:
extends head and neck
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Splenius capitus
Innervation:
dorsal primary rami of cervical nerves
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Levator scapulae
Origin:
transverse processes of C1-4 vertebrae
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Levator scapulae
Insertion:
superior angle of scapula
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Levator scapulae
Action:
elevates scapula, inferior rotation of scapula
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Levator scapulae
Innervation:
dorsal scapular N and C3-4
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Anterior scalene
Origin:
transverse processes of C4-6
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Anterior scalene
Insertion:
first rib
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Anterior scalene
Action:
flexes head
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Anterior scalene
Innervation:
cervical nerves C4-6
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Middle scalene
Origin:
transverse processes of C4-6
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Middle scalene
Insertion:
first rib
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Middle scalene
Action:
flexes neck laterally, lifts 1st rib in forced inspiration
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Middle scalene
Innervation:
anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
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Posterior scalene
Origin:
transverse processes C4-6
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Posterior scalene
Insertion:
2nd rib
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Posterior scalene
Action:
Flex neck lateraly, lifts 2nd rib in forced inspiration
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Posterior scalene
Innervation:
anteriorrami of cervicl spinal nerves
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Omohyoid (inferior belly)
Origin:
scapula
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Omohyoid
Insertion:
hyoid
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Omohyoid
Action:
depress hyoid bone (retracts hyoid)
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Omohyoid
Innervation:
ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
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Mylohyoid
Origin:
mylohyoid line of mandible
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Mylohyoid
Insertion:
mylohyoid raphe and body of hyoid
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Mylohyoid
Action:
elevates floor of mouth and tongue
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Mylohyoid
Innervation:
CN V (Mandibular division)
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Geniohyoid
Origin:
mental spine of mandible
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Geniohyoid
Insertion:
body of hyoid
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Geniohyoid
Action:
pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly
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Geniohyoid
Innervation:
C1 via hyoglossal N
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Stylohyoid
Origin:
styloid process of temporal bone
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Stylohyoid
Insertion:
hyoid
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Stylohyoid
Action:
elevates hyoid
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Stylohyoid
Innervation:
CN VII
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Digastric
Origin of anterior belly:
digastrics fossa of mandible
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Digastric
Origin of posterior belly:
mastoid process
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Digastric
Insertion:
intermediate tendon to hyoid
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Digastric
Action:
steadies hyoid, depresses mandible
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Digastric
Innervation of anterior belly:
nerve to mylohyoid (CN V)
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Digastric
Innervation of posterior belly:
CN VII
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Sternohyoid
Origin:
manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle
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Sternohyoid
Insertion:
body of hyoid
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Sternohyoid
Action:
depresses hyoid
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Sternohyoid
Innervation:
ansa cervicalis
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Sternothyroid
Origin:
sternum
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Sternothyroid
Insertion:
thyroid cartilage
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Sternothyroid
Action:
depresses hyoid and larynx
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Sternothyroid
Innervation:
ansa cervicalis
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Thyrohyoid
Origin:
thyroid cartilage
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Thyrohyoid
Insertion:
hyoid
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Thyrohyoid
Action:
depresses hyoid and elevates larynx
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Thyrohyoid
Innervation:
C1 via hypoglossal N
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Omohyloid
Superior belly Origin:
hyoid
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