Civics Final

Change added to document

Authority of court to hear and review cases decided in lower court

Process of redrawing election districts to make them approximately equal in population

Money or property deposited with court by person accused of crime in order to be free while waiting for trial

2 house lawmaking body

First 10 amendments to U.S. constitution; protection of rights everyone is entittled to

Advisors to President

Count of population (U.S. has it every 10 years)

System where each branch of gov ernment as authority to curb power of others

Role of President as head of armed forces

Body of law based on common practices and on past decisions by judges

Authority that can be exercised by both federal and state governments according to Constitution

Statement by Supreme Court justice in support of majority decision of court

Govermental system where states hold power by delegate some powrs to central government

Lawmaking, or legislative, body of U.S. national government

Authority given specifically to federal government by Constitution

Unlimited government by 1 person

Putting person on trial twice for same crime

Section of Constitution allowing Congress to pass laws necessary to govern country properly

Body set up by Constitution to elect President and Vice President officially

Right of government to take private property for public purpose

Section of government responsible for carrying out laws and supervising day-to-day operation of government

Type of government where power is shared between states and federal government

Unlimited debate; tatic used to prevent vote on a bill, particularly used in the Senate

Process of redrawing election lines to favor 1 political party

Compromise that House could be pased on population and Senate would have an equal amount of seats

Lower house of U.S. Congress

To bring charges against public official as 1st step in removing person from office

Government imposed tax on money earned

Proposal by group of citizens for law

Section of government responsible for interpreting laws and punishing lawbreakers

Power of highest court to decide laws passed by legislature and signed by the executive to be unconstitutional

Lawmaking section of government

Decisions made by more than half involved

Spokesperson for political party holding most seats in Houses or Senate

Government headed by 1 person - king or queen - believed to be of royal birth

Government by small group of people who exercise all power

Authority of court to be 1st to try accused or listen to arguments in dispute

Action by state or national executive to kill bill by not acting on it within prescribed time

Organization created to win elections in order to control government and construct public policy

Submissions of certain laws or actions by state legislaure to voters inorder for laws to become affective

Authority given specifically to states by Constitution

Upper house of Congress

Division of government into 3 branches with each getting special powers

Idea put forth by Rousseau that people who live in society give up total freedom for protection

Right to vote

Highest court in U.S.; only court set up by the Constitution

Article VI, Section 2 established Constitution as highest law in the land

Tax placed on goods manufactured outside of U.S. when brought into country

1 House lawmaking body

Highly centralized governmental system

Refusal to sign bill into law; power held by President and governor

Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition

Right to bear arms; refers to state militias

Housing of soldiers

No unreasonable search or arrest

No person tried without grand jury indictment or to be punished twice for same offense.  Prohibits being a witness against yourself and guarantees due process of law

Rights of accused in criminal cases

Trial by jury

No excessive bail or cruel punishment

People retain rights not listed in the Constitution

Power not given to federal government is given to the people or states

Individual cannot sue a state in federal courts

Repeal of Article 2, Section 1 - Electoral college must cast seperate ballots for president and vice president

Abolished slavery

All persons born or naturalized in U.S. enjoy full rights

States cannot prevent person from voting because of race, creed, or color

Income tax amendment

Repeal of Article 1, Section 3 - Provides for popular election of U.S. senators

Prohibition - no alcoholic beverages to be bought or sold in U.S.

All women who are U.S. citizens allowed to vote

Changed date president takes office from March 4 to January 20 and changed start of Congress to January 3

Repeal of Amendment 18 - allowed alcoholic beverages to be bought and sold in U.S.

No person shall be elected to the Office of President more than twice

Gave residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote in presidential elections

Forbids taxing voters before they may vote in national elections

Established process by which president may pass duties of office to vice president and for the filling of the vice presidnet's office when vacant

Allowed 18-year-olds to vote in federal and state elections

Prohibits Congress from voting itself mid-term pay raises

Those wanting to keep the majority power with the states and hesitant to accept the new U.S. constitution

The first constitution for the U.S. stating the states retain the major portion of power in a nation and give limited power to the central government

Third-party headed by Theodore Roosevelt

Plan calling for bicameral legislature with representation based off population in both houses

Head of judicial branch of federal government

Specialize in bills relating to certain aspects of the operations of the government

Committees that are permanent

Committees made up of members from both the House and Senate

Committee that is not permanent

Court that reviews cases from the federal district courts and is made up of a panel of judges

Protected by the 8th Amendment, bad punishments

The document declaring independence from Great Britain

Representative form of government where people hold the power

The explanation in writing why justices disagree with the majority

Lowest court in the federal system; hears most cases of original jursidiction

States government cannot take person's life, freedom, or property without following proper legal proceedings

States the seperation of church and state

Lender of money to member banks

The House and Senate at state level

One who believes in federalism

Ruler who developed one of the earliest written sets of laws

Money given to a campaign for a specific purpose and is regulated

Money given to a political campaign that is unregulated

Elected official approaching the end of their term

A written lie

Document expressing the ideas of most of the justices

City court

Number of district counties Missouri has

Court case establishing judicial review

Plan calling for a one-house Congress with equal representation

Law passed by a city government

The title of Vice President being the presiding officer

Acting officer of the Senate if Vice President isn't in

Banning of alcohol

Qualifications for President

Qualifications for state executive

Helps President develop and carry out foreign policy

Verbal lie that hurts a person's reputation

Type of government where government makes most essential decisions about economic policies

Law-making body in a state

Terms for President

Term for Chief Jurists

Supreme law of the land