Surgical Tech certification

Name by which a pharmaceutical company identifies its product, copyrighted

Scientific identification of the drug

Common name assigned to a drug by the original developer, nonproprietary

• Diagnosis
• Prevention of disease
• Treatment of disease and dysfunction
• Treatment of symptoms
• Anesthetic agent

• Gases
• Liquids
• Semisolids
• Solids

• Animals
• Minerals
• Plants
• Synthetics

F-32.5/9=C

(9xC)/5+32=F

Stimulates nerve fibers

Relieves pain

Produces loss of feeling

Destroys or inhibits growth of pathogenic microorganisms

• bacitracin
• kanamycin
• kefzol
• neosporin
• penicillin

Used topically for infections caused by various bacteria, available in powder or ointment form

Used for infections caused by E. coli and organisms resistant to other antibiotics

Used for infections of the respiratory tract, skin, soft tissue, bone and joints and for septicemia

Used in surgery to protect the wound after suturing is complete

For moderate to sever systemic infections caused by various bacteria

Inhibits parasympathetic responses

Used to delay or prevent blood coagulation and to prevent clot formation around vessels

Prevents or counteracts the action of a poison

Neutralizes the action of histamine in the body

Counteracts or diminishes inflammation

Reduces fever

Reduces the passing of impulses of the automatic nervous system

Foreign substance used to outline various structures through x-ray examination

Reduces a body function

Increases the output of urine

Used to reduce intraocular or intracranial pressure to draw fluid away from tissues and into urinary system

• Cardiografin
• Cholografin
• Cysografin
• Omnipaque

• Furosemide (lasix)
• Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Solution that stains tissue

As a stain for marking the skin

As a stain for marking the skin

Colored solution for tracking fissures, fistulas and determining the patency of structures (e.g. fallopian tubes)

Used to stain cervical tissue

A stain for marking the skin and also for urinary diagnostic procedures; may also be used to determine fallopian tube patency

Used to promote blood coagulation when there is excessive bleeding and when standard methods of hemostasis are not effective

• Calcium chloride (electrolyte replacement)
• Calcium gluconate (electrolyte replacement)
• Calcium lactate (electrolyte replacement)
• Protamine (heparine antagonist)
• Vitamin K

• Avitene
• Gelfilm
• Gelfoam
• Helistar
• Oxycel
• Surgicel
• Thrombin

Supplement or replacement substance used to increase or decrease a functional activity or secretion

Induces sleep

Relieves muscular tension

Produces sleep, stonger than a hypnotic

• Cocaine
• Fentanyl
• Loradol/Toradol
• Meperidine (demerol)
• MOrphine
• Naloxone (Narcan)
• Sufenta

Used in surgery on the respiratory tract to reduce bleeding and to shrink mucous membranes; administered topically, never injected

Used as an adjunct to general anesthesia to relieve pain and produce sedation

Nonsteroidal antiflammatory drug that may be used for short-term pain relief

Synthetic substitute for morphine that does not depress respiration

Potent, addictive narcotic that produces sedation and depresses respiration

A narcotic antagonist; should be on hand to reverse the depressant effects of narcotics

Used to maintain a balanced general anesthesia

Used to contract the uterus and to induce labor

Quiets and relaxes but does not produce sleep

Particularly useful in cardiovascular, ophthalmic and plastic surgery to reduce tissue inflammation and post op swelling

• Betamethasone (celestone)
• Dexamethasone (Hexadrol, Decadron)
• Hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef)
• Methylprednisolone sodium succinate(Solu-Medrol)

Supresses mental tension and anxiety

Constricts blood vessels

Dilates blood vessels

• Dextran
• Dextrose solution
• Lactated Ringer's solution (LR)
• Normal saline solution
• Normal serum albumen
• Plasmalyte

An artificial plasma volume expander that is especially valuable in treating shock resulting from hemorrhage

Used for those patients requiring a source of calories

A salt solution that may be used to replenish the patient's supply of electrolytes

The most common iv solution

Used to treat shock resulting from hemorrhage

An electrolyte-balanced solution comparable with the pH of blood. Contains whole blood, plasma, packed blood cells and platelets

An adrenergic used as a vasoconstrictor, a cardiac stimulant, and to relax bronchioles; it is also used to prolong the action of local anesthetics

A spasmolytic used to treat acute and chronic bronchial asthma and pulmonary edema

Used to treat bradycardia; often given preop to dry mucous secretions

A sedating antihistamine used with epinephrine to treat anaphylaxis

A muscle relaxant given for treatment of malignant hyperthermia

Acts directly on the myocardium to treat congestive heart failure, slow the heart rate, and strengthen contractions

An adrenergic used to restore blood pressure in acute hypotensive conditions

Vasodilator drug used to dilate small vessels for surgical procedures such as ateriovenous shunt or fistula or femoropopliteal bypass

An electrolyte used to treat hypokalemia

Used to treat metabolic acidosis, especially during cardiac arrest

An antiarrhythmic used to treat ventricular arrhythmias or ventricular tachycardia; also used as a local anesthetic agent.

up to

ampule

capsule

with

discontinued

fluid

drops

hypodermic

hour

intramusculear

intravenous

liter

milligram

milliliter

right eye

both eyes

left eye

ounce

by

by mouth

preoperative

as needed

every

every hour

rectal

take

without

subcutaneous

solution

one half

at once

unit

ointment

• Anticipated length of the operation
• For emergency surgery, the time since the patient's last meal
• Laboratory and x-ray findings
• Nature of the operation
• Patient's age, condition, and build
• Pre-existing conditions or diseases

• Assist in easier and smoother induction of anesthesia
• Decrease secretions in the respiratory tract
• Inhibit nausea and vomiting
• Produce some amnesia
• Raise the pain threshold
• Relieve preop anxiety and apprehension

• Anticholinergic drugs
• narcotic analgesics
• sedatives and tranquilizers

Used if a parasympathetic depressant action is required. They stop mucous secretions in the mouth, respiratory tract and digestive tract and increase heart and respiratory rates. Are bronchiodilators with little or no effect on blood pressure.

Raise the pain threshold and effectively decrease the amount of anesthesia needed during the operation. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and urinary retention.

Drugs given to reduce anxiety and for sedation. Also have an antiemetic effect

• Fluothane
• Ethrane
• Forane
• nitrous oxide

• Sodium pentothal
• Surital
• Brevital
• propofol
• ketamine

• Induction
• Maintenance
• Emergence
• Recovery

Begins with administration of anesthetic agents and continues until the surgical procedure begins

Surgical procedure begins, and during this phase monitoring and maintaining the patient's vital functions continue

Anesthesiologist begins to awaken the patient from the anesthesia and extubation occurs for independent breathing

Patient enters PACU, phase lasts until patient becomes fully responsive to commands

Below the diaphragm so the patient can still breathe on own

In the subarachnoid space of the lumbar region

Just outside the dura mater in the epidural space of the spine

Pain control is obtained by anesthetizing the sensory nerves in one area or region of the body. Nerve block is placed around the main nerve trunks in the area between the incision site and the entry of those nerves into the spinal cord

Injected under the skin to anesthetize the nerve endings and nerve fibers. Vasoconstrictor is used in conjunction with to prolong the effect

Pain control is obtained by injecting the surgical site with a local. This may be supplemented with IV drugs that provide sedation and systemic analgesia

• Cardiac arrest
• Malignant hyperthermia

Rare, genetically transmitted life-threatening complication most frequently seen in children and adolescents. Indications include generalized contracture of skeletal muscles, temp elevation, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis, cardiac dysrhythmia, and hypoxia. Treatment is immediate infusion of dantrolene.