Endocrine

Carbohydrate

- Description: Dextrose is a simple sugar that the body can rapidly metabolize to create energy.

- Indications: Hypoglycemia

- Contraindications: None in hypoglycemia

- Precautions: Increased ICP. Determine Blood-Glucose levels before administration. Ensure good venous access.

• - Dosage/Route: 25 g D₅₀W (50mL) IV.
• Pedi: 2-4 mL/kg of 25% solution (Over 1 year) 10% solution for under 1 year.

Hormone/Anti-hypoglycemic

- Description: Glucagon is a protein secreted by pancreatic cells that causes a breakdown of Glycogen into glucose

- Indications: Hypoglycemia without IV access and to reverse BETA blocker OD. Calcium channel Blocker OD (CB OD)

- Contraindications: None

- Precautions: Cardiovascular or renal impairment. Effective only if there are sufficient stores of glycogen in the liver.

• - Dosage/Route: Hypoglycemia: 1mg IM/SC repeat 5 to 20 mins.
• Pedi: 0.1 mg/kg IM/SC/IV for child < 10 kg
• Beta Blocker OD / CB OD: 3 mg IV over 1 min
• Pedi: 50 - 150 mcg/kg IV over 1 min

Hormone

- Description: Oxytocin is a naturally occurring hormone that causes the uterus to contract, thereby inducing labor, encouraging delivery of the placenta, and controlling postpartum hemorrhage.

- Indications: severe postpartum hemorrhage.

- Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, prehospital administration before delivery of infant/infants.

- Precautions: Before delivery may induce uterine rupture and fetal dysrhythmias, hypertension, intracranial bleeding, or asphyxia. Uterine tone, ECG, and vital signs should be monitored during administration.

- Dosage/Route: 3 - 10 units IM after delivery of placenta. 10 - 20 units in 1,000 mL in D₅W or NS IV titrated to effect.