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tranversus abdominis
origin. thoraculombar fascia, inguinal ligament, costal cartilage of inferior six ribs, illiac crest
insertion.linea alba, pubic crest
action.increases intra-abdominal pressure during forced expiration
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mentalis
origin. anterior surface of mandible
insertion. skin of lower lip
action. protrudes lower lip
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rectus abdominis
origin. pubic crest, pubic syphisis
insertion. costal cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process
action. flexion of vertebral column
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splenius
origin. spinous processes of inferior cervical and superior thoracic vertebrae
insertion. mastoid process, occipital bone and transverse processes of superior cervical vertebrae
action. laterally flexes
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orbicularis oculis
origin. medial aspect of bony orbit
insertion. skin around eyelids
action. closes eyelids
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levator labii superioris
origin. inferior aspect of bony orbit
insertion. blends with the fibers of orbicularis oris
action. elevates upper lip
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zygomaticus major
origin. zygomatic bone
insertion. angle of mouth
action. raises lateral corner of mouth for smiling
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depressor labii inferioris
origin. anterolateral surface of mandible
insertion. skin of lower lip
action. depresses lower lip
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external intercostals
origin. inferior border of superior rib
insertion. superior border of inferior rib
action elevates the ribs during normal inspiration
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levator scapulae
origin. transverse processes of superior four cervical vertebrae
insertion. medial border of scapula near superior angle
action. elevates scapula
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internal oblique
origin. thoracolumbar fascia, inguinal ligament, iliac crest
insertion. linea alba, pubic crest, inferior three or four ribs
action. rotation and lateral flexion of trunk
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thyrohyoid
origin. thyroid cartilage of larynx
insertion. hyoid bone
action. depresses hyoid bone
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external oblique
origin. external surfaces of inferior eight ribs
insertion. linea alba, pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest
action. rotation and lateral flexion of trunk
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sternohyoid
origin. manubrium
insertion. hyoid bone
action. depresses larynx and hyoid bone during swallowing
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temporalis
origin. temporal lobe
insertion. coronoid process of mandible
action. elevates mandible to close jaw
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zygomaticus minor
origin. zygomatic bone
insertion. upper lip
action. raises upper lip
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internal intercostals
origin. superior border of inferior ribs
insertion. inferior border of superior ribs
action. depresses ribs during forced expiration
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buccinator
origin. maxillary bone, mandible
insertion. blend with the fibers of the orbiculris oris
action. compresses cheek while whistling or blowing
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hypoglossus
origin. hyoid bone
insertion. tongue
action. depresses tongue
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nasalis
origin. maxillary bone
insertion. bridge of nose
action. compresses nostrils
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masseter
origin. zygomatic arch
insertion. lateral suraface of mandibular ramus
action. elevates mandible to close jaw
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scalenes
origin. transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
insertion. first and second ribs
action. leteral flexion of neck
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