Exam 1: Second Order -Back/Chest

external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7-T12

distal third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

retracts scapula

pull lateral angle upward

pull base of spine downward, rotating glenoid cavity upward (abduction of arm)

upward rotation and prevents sagging of lateral angle (glenoid cavity) of scapula

CN XI --spinal accessory N (joined by motor branches from C3-4

spinous processes of T7-S1; posterior part of iliac crest, ribs 9-12 by muscular slips (shared with external abdominal origin)

crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

combined movements of adduction, medial rotation and extension of arm, inferior fibers prevent upward displacement of shoulder during these movements

thoracodorsal N

spinous processes of T2-5

medial border of scapula inferior to base of spine

elevates medial border and retracts scapula to midline

dorsal scapular N

lower part of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T1

medial border of scapula at base of spine

elevates medial border and retracts scapula to midline

dorsal scapular N (C5)

posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-3(4)

superior angle and medial border of scapula as far as the base of spine

elevates medial angle of scapula

dorsal scapular N

nuchal ligament and spinous procsses of C7-T2 vertebra

superior border of 2nd-4th ribs

accessory respiratory muscle, elevates upper ribs; proprioception

2nd-5th intercostal NN

spinous processes of T11-L2 vertebra

inferior borders of 8th-12th ribs near their angles

accessory respiratory muscle depresses lower ribs; proprioception

anterior rami to T9-T12 thoracic spinal NN

nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T3/4 vertebra

mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone

tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3/4 vertebra

head moves back (dorsally) and face turns to same side, laterally flexes neck and rotates head to side of active muscles

extends neck and head

posterior rami of spinal NN

sacrum, iliac crests, and lumbar vertebra; sacroiliac and supraspinous ligaments

ribs and C4-6 vertebra

extend vertebral column and head; control movement va eccentric contraction

laterally flex vertebral column

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

sacrum, iliac crests, and lumbar vertebrae; sacroiliac and supraspinous ligament

ribs, cervical vertebrae (transverse processes) and mastoid process of skull

extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction

laterally flex vertebral column

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

sacrum, iliac crests, and lumbar vertebrae; sacroiliac and supraspinous ligament

spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and to cranium

extend vertebral column and head; as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction

laterally flex vertebral column

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

transverse processes of C4-T12

occipital bone and spinous processes in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments

extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column, rotate and laterally bend the spine

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacroiliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7

thickest in lumbar region; spinous processes, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment

rotate and laterally bend the spine; in lumbar region extends the spine to maintain the lumbar lordosis; stabilizes vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

transverse processes; best developed in thoracic region

junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous processes of vertebra immediately or 2 segments superior to vertebra of attachment

rotate and laterally bend the spine; rotate spine to one side or another; stabilize vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotator movements of vertebral column; proprioception

dorsal primary rami of nearest spinal NN

mandible

upper thorax, just infeior to clavicle

facial expression

CN-VII, Facial N

medial half of clavicle; manubrium and body of sternum; costal cartilages 1-6

crest of greater tubercle of humerus

adduct and medially rotate humerus

lacteral pectoral N (upper portion); medial pectoral N (lower portion)

ribs 2-5 or 3-6

coracoid process of scapula

depresses and downwardly rotates scapula

medial pectoral N

lateral surfaces of ribs 1-9

medial border of scapula, anterior to rhomboidei mm.

protracts (draws forward) scapula holding medial border firmly against thoracic wall, upwardly rotates scapula when inferior angle moves faster than medial border; lifts lateral angle of scapula

long thoracic N (C5-7)

lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

deltoid tubersosity of body of humerus

flex and medially rotate arm

abduct arm

extend and lateally rotate arm

Axillary N (C5-6)

supraspinatus fossa and fascia

uppermost of the three facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus

abduction of arm; with arm by side, supports arm against downward pull

suprascapular N (C5-6)

infraspinatus fossa and fascia

middle facet on the greater tubercle of the humerus

lateral rotation of arm

suprascapular N

middle half of lateral border of scapula

lowest facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus

lateral rotation and weak adduction of arm

axillary N

lower third of lateral border of scapula

crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus

adduction, medial rotation and extension of arm

lower subscapular N (C5-6)

costal surface of scapula

lesser tubercle of humerus and its crest

medial rotation of arm

upper and lower subscapular NN