-
Transcellular fluid includes the water and electrolytes within the
joint cavities
-
Extracellular fluids are characterized by relatively
high sodium and low potassium concentration
-
Intracellular fluids are characterized by relatively high concentrations of
potassium and phosphate
-
The movement of water and electrolytes between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by
hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure
-
The thirst center is located in the
hypothalamus
-
The thirst center in the hypothalamus is stimulated by __ of the extracellular fluid, and is inhibited by __
an increase in the osmotic pressure; distension of the stomach by water
-
A person in a moderate environment probably would lose the greatest amount of water by means of
urine
-
If excessive amounts of water are taken into the body,
osmoreceptors in the brain begin to swell
-
The hormone aldosterone functions to promote the
reabsorption of sodium
-
The primary stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is
rising potassium concentration
-
Compared to the average adult male, the average adult female body contains relatively
less water and more adipose tissue
-
Prolonged vomiting, in which only the stomach contents are lost, leads to
metabolic alkatosis
-
During periods of physical exercise, there is
an increased production of carbonic acid, and the pH of the body fluids tend to fail
-
Which of the following is an example of a physiological buffer?
renal mechanism
-
Drinking alcohol produces its diuretic effect by
inhibiting the release of ADH
-
The acid-base buffer systems in blood include
all of these are correct
-
Obstruction of the airways leads to
respiratory acidosis
-
When sodium ions are reabsorbed in response to the action of aldosterone, potassium ions are
secreted
-
Prolonged diarrhea, in which the intestinal secretions are lost excessively, leads to
metabolic acidosis
-
Hyperventilation leads to
respiratory alkalosis
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