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10 ways that Beethoven expanded the scope and dimension of the symphony
- Coda as 2nd development
- III as scherzo
- longer intro, dev and codas
- Instruments- add trombone, picc., contrabassoon, voice
- Thematic unitiy - unified structure of all movments and within movements
- Expanded variation form
- 5 part scherzo form and dev. nature of scherzo
- Separate cello/bass lines and fuller use of viola and use timpani motivically
- Use of WW- extraordinary solo examples
- Development within exposition
- Expanded Variation form
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Extraordinary solo passages for woodwinds occur in Beethoven symphonies. Name one for flute.
No. 7, I
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Extraordinary solo passages for woodwinds occur in Beethoven symphonies. Name one for oboe.
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Extraordinary solo passages for woodwinds occur in Beethoven symphonies. Name one for clarinet.
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Extraordinary solo passages for woodwinds occur in Beethoven symphonies. Name one for bassoon.
No. 9, IV
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Name an unusual feature about each movement of Beethoven's first symphony.
- I- intro has series of dominant 7 chords in "wrong key" leading away from tonic.
- II. fugato within sonta form. FM is the subdominant key (not dominant). metronome marking is faster than Andante.
- III- Is a scherzo!!! in nature although named minuet. Proportions of ABA (8, 36,35). Based on scales and triads of I.
- IV- Coda is a second development and includes a new theme! The recap of 2nd theme in subdominant.
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List of the keys of Beethoven symphonies in chronological order.
C, D, Eb, Bb, cm, F, A, F, dm
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In Beethoven's Symphony No. 4, which movement is most astonishing in regard to form?
III because it is a Five-Part Scherzo
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Which Beethoven Symphony features the timpani in a most distinct, motivic part?
- No. 9
- Development of the Scherzo
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Beethoven Symphony No. 1- date, key and importance
- 1799
- CM
- I- intro has series of dominant 7 chords in "wrong key" leading away from tonic.
- II. fugato within sonta form. FM is the subdominant key (not dominant). metronome marking is faster than Andante.III- Is a scherzo!!! in nature although named minuet. Proportions of ABA (8, 36,35). Based on scales and triads of I.
- IV- Coda is a second development and includes a new theme! The recap of 2nd theme is in subdominant.
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Beethoven Symphony No. 2- date, key and importance
- 1802
- DM
- Scherzo replaces minuet.
- Expanded intro and coda (2nd dev) in I. Cello doubling of melody in II.
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Beethoven Symphony No. 3- date, key, name and importance (5 characteristics)
- 1803. EbM. Eroica
- Expands form (I: as long as entire symphonies before it and the development is longer than exposition and recap and contains a new theme).
- Expands tonality- abrupt key changes in succession.
- Expands song form with trio with double fugue and coda in Neapolitan key (III).
- Much greater thematic unity than before.
- Established a new style norm- changed the basic nature of the symphony.
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Beethoven Symphony No. 4- date, key and importance
- 1806
- BbM
- first 5 part scherzo (sch-trio-sch-trio-sch)
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Beethoven Symphony No. 5- date, key and importance
- 1807
- c minor
- motivic unity of movements and within movments.
- adds piccolo, trombone and contrabassoon for first time.
- separated cello and bass lines
- scherzo is developmental
- includes dev. in the exposition and coda
- expanded variation form
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Beethoven Symphony No. 6- date, key, name and importance
- 1808
- FM
- Pastoral
- 5 movements
- Programmatic in nature.
- I- Cheerful impressions upon arriving in the country (key scheme like Schubert: BbGDE)
- II. By the Brook. 2 solo cellos and solo clarinet
- III. Scherzo- no repeat signs. Trio in duple meter and atacka to IV
- IV. The Storm goes attacka into the V.
- V. The Shephards Hymn- Happy feelings after the storm- features shephard's horn call.
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Beethoven Symphony No. 7- date, key and importance
- 1812
- AM
- Expanded scope and expression of classical dimensions
- Progressive tonality (emphasis on C and F)
- II is hybrid variation and song form (theme, 5 variations, trio and coda)
- III. Presto scherzo in 5 part form
- IV. Based on Irish folk song "Nora Creina"- expansive form (includes 2 developments, many themes and lengthy coda)
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Beethoven Symphony No. 8- date, key and importance.
- 1812
- FM
- Contains a scherzando (II) and minuet (III) in sonatina form with trio in AbM.
- IV is sonata-rondo form with lengthy coda that recaps ABA.
- Unusual mysterious C# emphasis (disguised as Db before resolution)
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Beethoven Symphony No. 9- date, key and importance
- 1824
- d minor
- 1st use of voice (choral symphony)
- Scherzo (II) comes before slow movement (III) and is not only standard ternary form, but also complete sonata allegro form. Written in triple, often sounds duple. Motivic timpani solo.
- IV. Voices!(4 soloists and chorus) Symphony within a symphony- quotes all movements. Univeral brotherhood. Based on Ode to Joy by Schiller.
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Which of Beethoven's symphonies are classicist in nature?
- 1,2,4,8
- (7 is hybrid romanticist)
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Which Beethoven symphonies are Romanticist in expression?
3,5,7,9
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Which is the only Beethoven Symphony that is programmatic in nature?
- 6 in F Major
- Inscription: We give Thee thanks for thy great glory.
- The Pastoral
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