Weather Factors Chapter 2 Test

The atmosphere is ____________

a the layer of gases that surround the Earth
b the layer in which weather occurs
c the layer that contains the ozone layer

In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur?

a mesosphere
b troposphere
c stratosphere

Earth's atmosphere traps energy from the sun, which _____

a allows ozone to form easily
b allows dust particles to reach Earth's surface
c allows most of Earth's surface to be warm

The movement of heat in the atmosphere causes ______

a temperature to change
b rain to fall
c both of the above

Energy from the sun travels to Earth as electromagnetic waves. The direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is called _________

a radiation
b light emission
c conduction

The natural process by which gases hold heat in the air is called the _______

a heat effect
b greenhouse effect
c global warming effect

Half of the sun's energy reaches Earth's surface, is absorbed by land and oceans, and then transformed into what type of energy?

a solar
b light
c heat

Air rises if it is warmer than the surrounding air. This transfer of heat energy through the atmosphere occurs because of _______

a convection
b condensation
c conduction

The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching is called _______

a convection
b conduction
c radiation

Differences in Earth's temperature are due to the sun's uneven heating of the Earth's surface This causes areas of high and low pressure. The movement of air from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure is called ______

a turbulence
b humidity
c wind

The global winds that are hundreds of kilometers wide and blow from west to east at speeds of 200-400 km/hr are known as ______

a jet streams
b prevailing westerlies
c trade winds

The continuous movement of water from oceans and other bodies of water to the atmosphere and back to Earth's surfaces is known as ______

a precipitation
b the water cycle
c evaporation

Where does the energy, needed for the water cycle, come from?

Excess water leaves plants through openings in the leaves during a process called ______

a transpiration
b convection
c condensation

Clouds form in the atmosphere because warm air containing water vapor rises, and ______

a warms up and condenses
b cools and condenses
c cools and evaporates

Clouds that form at or near the ground is called what?

Water that condenses from the air onto cooler surfaces is called?

Rain that falls on saturated or impervious ground, flows down a hill contributing to rivers and streams, is known as ______

a infiltration
b precipitation
c surface runoff

When precipitation remains in the shallow soil layer, then eventually filters down to become ground water, the process is known as ____

a surface runoff
b infiltration
c condensation

Areas that are drained by streams and rivers, and are divided by ridges, are known as _____

a watersheds
b aquifers
c groundwater

When cloud droplets or ice crystals grow heavy enough to fall through the air, the result is ______

a condensation
b evaporation
c precipitation

Temperature is measured using what tool?

The freezing point of pure water on the Celsius scale is what?

Energy from the sun causes liquid water to change into water vapor through the process of _____

a condensation
b evaporation
c precipitation