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Which of the following does NOT increase the rate of dissolcing a solid in water?
A. raising the temperature
B. stirring
C. using larger pieces of solid
D. crushing a solid
c. using larger pieces of solid
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In the expression like dissolves like, the word like refers to similarity in molecular
polarity
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In sea water, sodium chloride is a
solute
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A critical step in obtaining a super-sarurated solution is
raising the temperature of the solution
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If a solution contains 50g of KNO3 in 100g of water at 50 degrees celsius it is said to be
unsaturated
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What substance is known as the " universal solvent"?
water
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Considering the phrase "like dissolves like", what sort of substance would be least likey to dissolve in water?
Non-polar compounds
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Carbon dioxide gas is least likely to (stay) dissolved in which type of water solution?
hot water solution
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To dilute an aqueous sample of hydrochloric acid you should
pour some of the solution intp a container of water
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Acids react with
bases to produce salts and water.
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What is an Arrhenius acid?
a chemical compound that increases the concentration of hydroger ions in aqueaous solution
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What is an Arrhenius base?
a chemical compound that increases the concentation of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution
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The substances produced when KOH (aq) neutralizes HCI (aq) are
H20(I) and KCI (aq)
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What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25 degrees celsius
7
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The pH scale in gerneral use ranges from
0-14
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The pH of an acidic solution is
less than 7
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An acis-base titration involves
neutralization reaction
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Which quantity is directly measured in a titration?
volume
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Which of the following states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of particles
Avogadro's principal
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The ideal gas law states that
PV=nRT
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In the ideal gas law,_____ represents the amount of gas present.
n
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The conditions of STP are
273 K and 1 atm
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The combined gas law can be written
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The relationship between pressure and volume of a gas sample at a constant temperature and number of moles is described by
Boyle's law
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What do the letters STP stand for?
standard temperature and pressure
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One mole of neon gas at STP has a volume of
22.4L
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What happens to the volume of a gas during compression?
the volume decreases
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What is an example of gas diffusion?
the oder of perfume spreading throughout the room
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What is an example of effusion?
air slowley escaping from a pinhole in a tire
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Boyle's Law
Pressure and volume changes at a constant temperature
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Charles' Law
Temperature and volume changes at a constant pressure
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Combined Gas Law
All conditions change ( P,T,V), except for the number of moles
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Gay-Lussac's Law
Pressure and temperature changes at constant volume
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Ideal Gas Law
Volume and number of moles, at constant temperature and pressure
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Solutions
- In general, solids are more soluble in liquids at a high temperature
-In gerneral gases are more soluble in liquids at low temperature
-To help a solute dissolve faster, agitate, crush, or heat
-Water is the Universal Solvent. It's unique properties result from the facts that water is polar and exhibits hydrogen bonding.
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Acids and Bases
- Arrhenius acids put hydrogen ( hydronium ) ion into a solution, their formulas start with H (Hydrogen)
- Arrhenius bases put hydroxide ion into solution, their formulas end with OH
-The reaction between an acid and a base is called "neutralization". The products of a neutralization reaction may be seen by removing
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