-
What did Benjamin Disreali, Emmeline Pankhurst, and the Charrtists hace in common?
All sought to extend the voting rights.
-
After Charles X abdicated, French leaders formed what kind of government?
a constitutional monarchy
-
The Congress of Vienna did which of the follosing?
restored Louis XVIII to the throne
-
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of French rulers
Charles X, Louis Phillipe, Louis Napoleon
-
Which of the following groups of people in Latin America were most likely to be revolutionaries?
creoles
-
Which of the following revolutionaries wanted to unite all of South America into the Federation of the Andes?
Simon Bolivar
-
Which of the following countries achieved independence with the least violence and bloodshed?
Brazil
-
Both Miguel Hidalgo and Jose maria Morelos were
executed by Spanish authorities
-
Who was the first leader of an independent Brazil?
Pedro I
-
The territory gained by the United States in 1848 was a result of the-
Louisiana Purchase.
-
The Mexican-American war was caused by
a dispute over Texas
-
Manifest destiny affected Native Americans by
forcing them westward into reservations.
-
The Revolution of 1830 in France replaced Charles X wih
Louis Phillipe
-
The Dreyfus affair had a lasting impact because it
inspired the Zionist movement
-
Brazilian colonissts achieved their independence from Portugal when
Prince Pedro declaredd Brazil independent.
-
Americans went to war with Great Britain in 1812 in part because
Britain was seizing American sailors.
-
The Kansas-Nebraska act
set off a bitter debate between proslavery and antislavery Americans.
-
antisemitism
prejudice towards jews
-
zionism
movement begun by theodor Herzl thhat called for creation of Jewish state in Palestine
-
Toussaint L'Overture
former enslaved African, led group of mulattoes and slaves in bloody revolt against French settlers in Saint domingue
-
Miguel Hidalgo
priest known as father of mexican independence
-
Simo Bolivar
Venezuelan became known as liberator for key role in liberating Spain's colonies in South America
-
Louisiana Purchase
agreement wit France that gave U.S. huge territory in centrol North America
-
manifest destiny
belief that Americans had a God-given right to settle land all the way to Pacific Ocean
-
seceded
South Carolina and other southern states ____ after Abraham Lincoln elected president
-
Louis Napoleon
Napoleon's nephew, second president of second republic in france
-
dreyfus affair
trajic example of prejudice toward Jews in France
-
creoles
People of Europeon descent who were born in spanish colonies in Latin America
-
peninsulares
spanish colonists in latin american born in spain
-
monroe doctrine
President james Monroe declared Americas off limits to further European colonization
-
reconstruction
after civil ar during ________, some important legislation and amendments passed to protect rights of formerly enslaved people.
-
14th amendment
granted citizenship to all free african americans
-
libel
publishing false information
-
citizen king
Louis Phillipe
-
Jose maria Morelos
strong military leader who fough for mexiccan independence from Spain
-
Abraham Lincoln
issued emancipation Proclamation
-
Slavery Abolition Act
parliament abolished slavery
-
indian removal act
relocated five indian nations to land west of the mississippi River
-
declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen
document that inspired recolutionaries in french colonies
-
Emmeline pankhurst
used militant direct action tactics to win right to vote for women
-
Which most accurately describes economy of italy in years after unification
widespread poverty and unemployment led to violence and emigration
-
german liberals who revolted in 1848 wanted
reforms that would promote individual rights
-
Decisions made by the Congress of Berlin in 1878 resulted in
-
The russian economy differed from the rest of europe's because it was
primarily agricultural
-
russian marxissts wanted to create what form of government in russia
socialist republic
-
what goal did giuseppe mazzini, Camillo di Cavourk and Giuuseppe Garibaldi all have in common?
Unification of italy
-
Giuseppe garibaldis actions show that he was most committed to
unification of italy
-
after Prussian king Frederick Wilhelm iV promised a constitution and reforms
he went back on many of his promises
-
who began a program of reforms in Russia
Alexander II
-
swhat did Otto von bismarck mean by the phrase blood and iron
use prussian military force for german unification
-
nationalism remained a problem under dual monarchy because
ethnic minorities continued to seek self-government
-
red shirts
group led by giuseppe garibaldi because of their colorufl uniforms
-
zollverein
economic alliance between German states in 1834
-
Bismarck
consercative politician, leading force behind german unification
-
realpolitik
philosophy about government that bases policies on practical, rather than idealistic, concerns
-
Wilhem I
declared first kaiser of German Empire
-
pogroms
violent anti semitic riots
-
duma
representative assembly promised by Czar Nicholas II
-
transiberian railroad
linked western russia to siberia during 1890s
-
federalism
system in which power is shared betweens state and national governments
-
Alexander II
czar who freed the serfs
-
magyars
hungarian ethnic group
-
victor emmanuel
king of sardinia
-
kulturkampf
bismark's struggle to limit influence of catholic church in germany
-
franco-prussian war
conflict that resulted in unification of germany
-
autocracy
government by one ruler with unlimited power
-
bloody sunday
event that led to russian revolution of 1905
-
Vladmir Lenin
russian marxist revolutionary
-
young turks
nationalist group in ottoman empire
-
Austria-Hungary opposed formation of a "greater Serbia" because
any Serbian expansion might encourage other ethnic groups to rebel
-
Which of the following best describes Germany's position for much of the war?
Gerany faced war on two fronts
-
Why did both sides in World War I turn to new weapons?
because trench warfare had led to a stalemate.
-
Many colonial people volunteered to fight for the Allied forces because they
hoped their sercive would win their colony's independence.
-
Czar Nicholas II welcomed World War I because he
hoped a surge of patriotism would overcome domestic probelms and unite the country around his leadership.
-
Bolshecik opponents came to be called
the White Army.
-
What was the Zimmermann Note?
a proposal bya German official that Mexico attack the United States in return for territory
-
Which of the following battles signified a turning point in teh Allied Powers' favor in the war?
Second battle of the Marne
-
The partnership formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and italy in teh late 1800s was called the
Triple Alliance
-
Which series of events led to world War I?
Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia moved to support Serbia, and gerany declared war on Russia.
-
France, Russia, and Great Britain made up the
Triple Entente.
-
ON which two fronts did Germany fight during World War I.
Russia to the east and France to the west.
-
What was the immediate result of trench warfare?
massive deadlock
-
Women's participation in World War I consisted primarily of
assisting on the home front and nursing wounded soldiers
-
Which best describes conditions in Russia on the eve of World War I?
Russia was a troubled country, with a worsening economy and an ineffective ruler.
-
Bolsheviks planned that which of the following groups would lead a revolution and rule Russia?
socialists
-
The Bolsheiks took over the Russian government after
The Red Guards attacked the probisional government.
-
Which of the following resulted from the October Revolution in Russia?
Russia became a communist country.
-
Whih of the following ountries delared on Germany in 1914 as part of a military agreement with Great Britain?
Japan
-
How did the Zimmerman note affect American neutrality?
It led to stong public support for U.S. entry into the war.
-
Allied treaties with the defeated Central Powers acomplished which of the following?
They broke apart Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
-
Following World War I,
Europe lost its role as the dominant eonomi region of the world.
-
The entry of the United States into World War I,
added hundres of thousands of troops to the Allied cause.
-
Propaganda
information designed to influence people's opinions
-
Gregory Raspitin
Czarina Alexandra's reliane on him for advie weakened any remaing public support for the Russian monarchy.
-
lusitania
british passenger liner german attacked, helped prople the U.S. into the war
-
imperialism
quest to build empires and colonize other regions
-
France
Germany began the war with quick strike to Beligium and planned on to move to attack ________
-
neutral
Belgium was ___________, taking no side in the conflict
-
Sarajevo
Where assasination of Archuduke from Austria-Hungary in 1914
-
western front
deadlocked region in northern France where German and Allied positions changed little early in the war called the
-
tanks
british used then to cross rough battefield terrain
-
February revolution
russian revolt forced czar nicholas II to step down.
-
total war
society uses all its resources to fight the war
-
communism
bolshevism later became known as
-
armistice
truce; ended fighting in World war I agreed on Nobember 11, 1918
-
gavrilo princip
assasinated archduke of Austria-Hungary in 1914
-
Schlieffen Plan
German military plan to fight france, then Russia
-
Battle of the Somme
main Allied assault duriing 1916, resulting in enormous loss of troops and no clear winner
-
Armenian massacre
forcible removal of people fromo teh caucasus by the ottomans resulting 600,000 deaths
-
balfour declaration
supported creation of jewish state in palestine
-
proletariat
industrial workers
-
nicholas II
last czar of russia
-
poison gas
new weapon developed during World War I that was fairly ineffective
-
no-man's-land
area between opposing trenches
-
woodrow wilson
his vision of world peace was called fourteen points
-
george clemenceau
french leader who wanted to punish germany
-
vittorio orlando
did not gain territory for his nation during peace talks
-
Why did Mao Zedong lead the Long march through China?
to find a safe place for the Chinese Communists
-
Which of the following supported the goals of the Zionist movement?
Balfour declaration
-
Which of the following resulted in the spread and deepening of the Great Depression
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
-
Which of the following occurred under the new deal
Government welfare and relief programs were greatly expanded
-
why did japanese forces attack Manchuria
gain control of its rich natural resources
-
japan proposed cration of Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere in 1940 because
china was too big to conquer and southeasxt asia was also rich in natural resources
-
How did Joseph Stalin punish ukrainians who resisted collectivization
withheld all food from the region
-
stalin wanted to transform soviet union into
modern industrialized country
-
sdtalin's approach to communist government differed from Karl Marx's because
Stalinwanted to increase government's power rather than reduce it.
-
Who led Great Purge?
Joseph Stalin
-
How did President Franklin Delano Roosevelt propose to fight the great Depressioon
government program known as New deal
-
Which event caused many Japanese people to questin their government's foreign policy with the West
United states barred Japanese immigration
-
nuremberg laws
defined a person as jewish based on ancestry of grandparents, not religous beliefs.
-
Mao Zedong
leader of communists in China
-
germany
in post war _____, steep reparations payments led to severe inflation, making mone nearly worthless
-
anti-commintern pact
agreement between germany and japan to oppose spread of communism and defend one another in case of attack
-
kristellnacht
anti jewish riots across germany and austria encouraged by nazis became known as night of broken glass
-
egypt
although many africans demanded indepence from europeon natons, only egypt won independence during interwar years
-
facisism
authoritarian form of government that places good of nation above all else
-
totalitarian
attempts to control all aspects of political, social, and economic life
-
ethiopia
invaded by italian forces in 1935
-
five year plans
production goals set by the state
-
Jiang jeshi
led nationalist Guomindang party in China
-
What led Hitler to believe that European powersw would not interfere in his plans for Anschluss?
lack of direct action to stop his militarization of rhineland
-
Which of the following began World war II?
Hitler's attack on Poland
-
What recent invention allowed british to more effectively defend against german air attacks?
radar
-
why was the soviet union unprepared for hitler's attack in june 1941
because soviets had preciousl signed nonaggression pact with Germany
-
What event led to a decisie shift away from isolationism inn the United States
attack on Pearl Harbor
-
Before entering World war II, the United States
provided military aid to great britain
-
Control of north africa was ctal for allies because
they needed to control the suez canal in order to botain oil from the middle east
-
Siege of leningrad resulted in
starvation of one million russian civilians
-
What was the significance of the battle of coral sea?
first time allies had stopped relentless japanese advance
-
nazi campain to imprison inferior people included which of the following targets
jews, homosexuals, disabled people, Poles, slavs, and gypsies
-
Soviets most likely responded to allieed incasion of western north africa with
disappointment that allies chose to delay invading europe
-
hitler's declaration that "surrender is forbidden" to his commanders at the Battle of stalingrad led to
capture of 90,000 axis survivors and a crushing defeat for hitler
-
why did american and british forces plan a massive incasion of western europe?
to open second front and put the axis forces on the defensive
-
the liberation of paris by allies led hitler to
order counterattack on belfium
-
What was the goal of the Yalta Conference?
reach an agreement on what to do with postwar europe
-
difficulties allied leaders had in reaching agreemnt at the postsdam conference due to
growing ill-will between soviet union and other allies
-
d-day invasion of normandy was launched from
the United Kingdom
-
Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill issued the atlantic Charter, a document
which affirmed nations should choose their governments
-
for the soviet union, what was the turning point in the war in Europe?
victory at stalingrad
-
Which of the following military alliances became known as the axis powers?
germany, italy, and japan
-
When Hitelr attacked the Soveit Union in June 1941, he
breaking the soviet-german nonagression pact
-
which group was treated most harshly by U.S. government dring World War II?
Japanese Americans
-
Before World War II, Hitler's nazi government
passed restrictive lasws severly limiting the rights of Jews
-
Hitler's final solution included
concentration camps, death camps, and Einsatzgruppen
-
How did hitler respond to successful incasion of france by the allies?
ordered counterattack in belgium
-
Roosevelt and Churhills joing declaration proclaiming what they viewed as the purpose of going to war is
Atlantic charter
-
churchill
spoke out against britain's policy of appeasement
-
blitzkrieg
german war tactic emphasizing speed and close coordination between plaines in air and fast moving forces on ground
-
d-day
june 6, 1944 allied forces invaded france
-
v-j day
japanese emperor surrendered on august 15, 1945
-
Harry Truman
became president after death of Franklin Roosevelt in May 1945
-
bataan death march
caused death of 600 americans and as many as 10,000 filipino prisoners
-
battle of el alemein
severely weakened axis powers in north africa
-
holocaust
genocidal campaign against jews
-
erwin rommel
led axis forces in north africa
-
czechoslavakia
left to defend itself alone due to policy of appeasement
-
battle of okinawa
fought to establish american base close to major islands of japan
-
annexatin
hitler demanded austrian officials accept this
-
einsatzgruppen
mobile killing units that executed jews on a massive scale
-
auschwitz
huge death camp
-
V-E day
celebrated Germany's surrender
-
United nations
formed to encourage international cooperation and precent war
-
battle of midway
diminished japanese advantage of the seas
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