Unit VIII ID Terms

a nation or person engaged in war or conflict, as recognized by international law.

a person who commits or practices an undermining of a cause (sabotage)

yield of concede to belligerent demands of a nation in a conciliatory effort, sometimes at the expense of justice or other principles

a shell, bomb, or grenade containing napalm, thermite, or some other substance that burns with an intense heat.

public declaration of intentions, opinions, objectives, or motives as one issued by a government, sovereign, or organization

a long speech used to prevent the adoption of a measure generally favor or to force a decision against the majority

important Civil Rights leader; created the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC); believed in nonviolent methods (esp. of Gandhi) to achieve equal rights; led Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955) & March on Washington (1963) [“I Have a Dream” speech]; wanted federal enforcement of law; assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, TN

leader of Nation of Islam (black separatist group); best known leader of black power movement; while w/ Nation of Islam, believed in blacks supremacy and self-segregation; broke off from Nation of Islam in 1964, began to support integration and civil rights movement; assassinated in 1965

leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC); part of the Black Panthers; important proponent of black nationalist and Pan-Africanist movement

broke color barrier in base (1947); played for Brooklyn Dodges

1st African-American to win the Nobel Peace Prize (1948)

governor of AL; known for standing in door of University of Alabama to prevent integration; famous for segregationalist attitude

first African-American Supreme Court Justice

began Montgomery Bus Boycott when refused to leave seat on bus (1955)

founded Black Panthers; advocated racial separation, Black Power

Secretary of State under Eisenhower; “massive retaliation” policy; “roll back” of communism; “domino theory”; sent military aid to French in Indochina

Dixiecrat (Southern Democratic) candidate in 1948 election; S.C.; advocated segregation

created policy of containment; contain Soviet expansion; developed policy in reaction to Soviet est. of satellite states in E. Europe

eveloped Marshall Plan; helped containment; tried to prevent radical groups from taking over war-torn countries; massive aid program to Europe; USSR refused aid;

lead scientist of Manhattan Project to create atomic bomb; “I have become death, the destroyer of worlds”