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Organ
a group of similar cells performing a similar job
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What is the smallest level of organization? (smallest living unit)
Cell
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What are the building blocks of protein?
Amino acids
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What are the monomers for carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
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What are the monomers for RNA and DNA?
Nucleotides
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Which type of cell has nucleic acid that is not membrane bound? (prokaryote or eukaryote?)
Prokaryote
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Which type of cell is older, prokaryote or eukaryote?
Prokaryote
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Which is larger, prokaryote or eukaryote?
Eukaryotes
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Which cell type are bacteria, prokaryote or eukaryotes?
Prokaryote
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Which cell type are plants, prokaryote or eukaryote?
Eukaryotes
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What was attempted in the Miller-Urey experiment?
The creation of amino acids
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What is the endosymbiotic thoery?
Ancient anerobic prokaryotes were brought into aerobic bacteria, which were then brought into primitive aerobic eukaryotes, resulting in photosynthetic eukaryotes.
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What is the function of protein channels?
To allow certain substances to pass the cell membrane.
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In which part of the membrane does osmosis take place?
(semi permeable membrane)
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What will happen to a potato slice put into salt water and why?
It will dry out; the salt water has a lower percentage of water in it, and the water from the potato will therefore be pulled out.
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What will happen to a potato slice put into distilled water?
It will gain water, because it has more solutes in it.
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If an egg is placed in water with less solutes than is in the egg, what will happen?
It will gain water.
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What is osmosis?
Diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane
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Which organelle of a cell controls all the energy?
Nucleus
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What is the formula for photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O => O2 + C6H12O6 + H2O
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What is the formula for respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
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What enzyme does the liver contain?
Catalase
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Which type of respiration produces more ATP?
Aerobic
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How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration? Anaerobic?
- 36 in aerobic
- 4 in anaerobic
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What were Watson and Crick best known for?
Discovering the double helix (even though they stole work form a woman..)
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What was Mendel best known for?
Studying heredity
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Does RNA or DNA have a base noted as U?
RNA
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Which molecule copies the single DNA strand?
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Which molecule carries the amino acid to the mRNA strand?
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At which molecule does translation take place?
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Where does transcription take place?
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How are mutations inherited?
When the mutations are found in the gametes
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How are mutations not inherited?
When changes are in somatic, or body, cells
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What are two environmental causes of gene mutations?
Chemicals, viruses
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Cancer could be a result of what type of mutation?
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What is a codon?
Three sets of base pairs
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What biological compound regulates all cell processes?
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How many daughter cells result from mitosis?
2
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Are the cells produced my mitosis asexual or sexual?
Asexual
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Does mitosis produce cells with the same, less, or more chormosomes as the parent cell?
Same
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How many daughter cells result from meiosis and are they sexual or asexual?
4, sexual
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How many chromosomes will a human gamete cell have?
23
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What's a dihybrid cross?
A corss between true breeding parents which differ in two, unlinked traits.
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Autosomal dominant pedigree
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Sex-linked recessive pedigree
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What are the conditions for the Hardy-Weinberg equillibrium?
- No mutation
- large population
- random mating
- no immigration/emigration
- No natural selection
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If in Hardy-Weinbery Equilibrium, is there a greater chance of allele frequency change?
No, there's is a smaller chance.
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What's gene flow?
Immigration/emigration of alleles
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What's genetic drift?
An allele can become common in a small population
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What's natural selection?
Survival of the fittest
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