Is xylazine (aka Rompun) a reversible agent? If so, with what?
yes
Yohimbine
Is Domitor (aka medetomidine) a reversible agent? If so, with what?
yes
Antisedan (aka atipamezole)
Is Ketamine a reversible agent? If so, with what?
No, not reversible
Is Morphine reversible? If so, with what?
Yes
Naloxone
T/F: Class V (five) controlled drugs have the least abuse potential
True
What does anesthesia do?
Takes a patient from a conscious state to an unconscious state
(anesthesia does not have antibiotic properties)
T/F: Only gas anes will cause analgesia
False, no analgesia from anes
T/F: post-op paim is usually intense and is best controlled by narcotics
true
T/F: NSAIDs are used primarily for mild to moderate pain
True
Which classes are drugs are controlled?
Which must remained locked up?
one through five, I-V
all must be locked up
What is the most important thing to consider when evaluating a pt who is having sx under anes?
pre-existing health conditions
How does body fat relate to anes?
anes is metabolized faster when there is litte fat, so there is a smaller window for error. The anes is absorbed and burned off faster, so it is harder to keep the pt under and in the correct plane of anes
What type of medication combines the relaxing effects of a tranquilizer and analgesia?
neuroleptanalgesic
neuroleptic analgesic
We use pre-anes to help _________ the pt's response to anes
(the pt's response to anes is better if pre-anes meds are on board)
facilitate
(be careful if 'decrease' is an available opt, read question carefully)
name 3 side effects of narcotics in dogs:
bradycardia
panting
resp depression
What is hyperalgesia?
neve t/hold is decreased so less stimulation is required to initiate pain
(hypersensitivity to stimuli)
What is Allodynia?
nerves that normally transmit pleasurable/neutral sensations are re-routed to now transmit pain
(nerves that do not normally transmit pain are now doing so)
T/F: Ibuprophen is an NSAID
True
T/F: Ketamine is a disassociative
True
T/F: Butorphanol is a narcotic
True
T/F: Nalaxone is a reversal agent
True
(reverses morphine)
T/F: Tranquilizers provide analgesia
False
Name 3 properties/uses of morphine:
What can it be reversed with?
narcotic, analgesic, emetic
reversible with Nalaxone
What signs indicate excessive anes depth?
HR less than 50% normal
O2 saturation < 80%
respiration < 5 breaths/minute
What are the 2 main physiologic responses to pain?
increased HR
increased respiration
Why are pt's positioned in different ways on a sx table?
to give the DVM access to the sx site
What part of the suction machine may be touched by a NON-sterile assistant?
the end of the tubing tossed by the surgeion, and the machine, to connect the tubing
What 2 things should NOT be done IMMED after sx?
Feed/water
Where should a pt's eyes be positioned once in the 3rd/surgical plane of anes?
ventral and lightly in
An appearance resembling coffee grounds in vomit can indicate what?
gastric bleeding
Using the wrong suture material or technique, or development of infection or seroma at an incision site may lead to what two problems?
dehiscence or evisceration
Pain from a SOFT tissue sx may last how long?
4-5 days
Pain from a bone or joint sx may last how long?
8-10 days
2 signs of pain can include:
elevated HR
decreased appetite
Thermal burns can be caused by _____ ________ b/c they concentrate heat to a small area
heat lamps
Some sort of heat support like a bair hugger or warm water blanket should _______ __________ be used to keep an animal warm while under anes
almost always
Prior to sx, we should confirm what 3 things:
pt was fasted
all test results have been rvwd by DVM
heating device has been placed in sx table
Passive drains do what?
drain fluid out of the body
If a dehydrated animal is given fluids, there is risk of _________ which may cause the pt to need a ___________ or _________ _____________
hemodilation
blood or plasma transfusion
_________ are used to treat conditions such as infection or cellulitis, whereas seromas do not generally need this type of tx.