Microbiology

  1. This genus contains 100's of species
    Streptocci
  2. These species are sub-divided into three groups based on thier action on red blood cells.
    Streptococci
  3. Beta-hemolytic destroy RBC's
    Alpha-hemolytic draw potassium out of RBC's changes color to green
    Non-hemolytic no effect
    Streptococci
  4. This group subdivided into 17 groups
    Group A
    Group B
    Beta-hemolytic
  5. Group A
    S. Pyogenes
  6. Group A
    Strept throat
    Scarlet fever
    Impetigo
    Erysipelas
    Puerpera; sepsis (childbed fever)
    Post complications - kidney inflammation
    Rheumatic fever - rheumatic heart disease (only after throat infection)
    S. pyogenes
  7. Causes
    Puerpera sepsis (child bed fever)
    Impetigo
    S. pyogenes
  8. Usually happens after wound infection
    Flesh eating streptococci
  9. Usually happens after wound infection
    strains of S. pyenes capable of flesh eating do so because they produce two toxins that make them more virulent
    • Flesh eating streptococci
    • 1. Pyrogenic exotoxin A
    • 2. Exotoxin B
  10. Pyogenic exotoxin A
    Causes streptococci toxid shock
  11. Exotoxin B
    destroys tissue by breaking down protein
  12. Group B
    S. agalactiae
  13. Group B- S.agalactiae
    • Common flora in the vaginal tract of about 1/3 of pregnant women.
    • Commonly tested for during pregnancy
    • can cause a serious infection if newborn becomes infected
    • early onset-within 7 days-pneumonia 55% death rate
    • late onset 1to 8 weeks -meningitis-23%
  14. Common flora in the vaginal tract of about 1/3 of pregnant women.Commonly tested for during pregnancy
    Group B- S. agalactiae
  15. can cause a serious infection if newborn becomes infectedearly onset-within 7 days-pneumonia 55% death ratelate onset 1to 8 weeks -meningitis-23%
    Group B- S. agalactiae
  16. Causes of dental carries (the most common infectious diseases of human beings)
    Plauqe forms and adheres to tooth
    When sucrose is present, S mutans attaches to plaque. It produces Lactic acid which dissolves tooth enamel
    The longer the acidic state the greater the chance of tooth decay
    • Alpha-hemolytic
    • S. mutans
  17. The only infection in the top 10 list of causes of death in the U.S
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • S.pneumoniea
  18. Transmission is usually endogenous- meaning self transmission
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • S.pneumoniea
  19. 30% of healthy adults carry as transient flora in there upper respiratory tract
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • S.pneumoniea
  20. When their immune system is weakend - it is allowed to grow in the lungs
    as the bacteria grow fluid flows into the lungs around the infection
    but the fluid actually nourishes the bacteria and the bacteria grow
    as the bacteria grow more fluid flows into the lungs
    the more fluid in the lungs the harder to treat the infection
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • S.pneumoniea
  21. Treated-5%
    Untreated-30%
    Over the age of 70-60%
    • Death rates
    • Alpha hemolytic
    • S.pneumoniea
  22. Vaccine for S.pneumonia
    • The available vaccine only cover 23 of 80+ strains
    • Vaccines only work if a persons immune system is healthy
    • most people who catch this pneumonia do not have a healthy immune system
  23. Caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia
    Mycoplasma pneumonia
  24. Commonly called walking pneumonia
    Mycoplasma pneumonia
  25. Leading cause of pneumonia is school aged children and young adults
    transmission- droplets
    incubation 1-4 weeks
    it is mild pneumonia with symptoms of fever cough malaise and headache can be detected with X-ray 5-10%
    Estimated 2 million cases annually
    Rarely fatal
    Mycoplasma pneumonia
  26. This bacteria mainly attack persons with weakend immune systems including eldery, alcoholics, nursing home patients
    Klebsiella pneumonia
  27. This bacteria mainly attack persons with weakend immune systems including eldery, alcoholics, nursing home patients
    Transmission droplets-first grows in mouth and throat and then carried to lungs
    incubation period 1 to 3 days
    symptoms start as normal pneumonia symptoms cough fever chest pain
    How ever they have more chills and sputum is red and gelatinous
    they have a capsule thus resisting phagocytosis
    Death rate without treatment is 50 to 80% death occurring quicker than other pneumonia patients
    Klebsiella pneumonia
  28. symptoms have more chills and sputum is red and gelatinous
    Klebsiella pneumonia
  29. Common name is Whooping cough
    Caused by bordetella pertussis
    Pertussis
  30. Common name is Whooping cough
    Caused by bordetella pertussis
    Transmission-highly communicable, direct contact with dischages from mucus membranes
    incubation 7-21 days
    the bacteria attaches to ciliated cells growing very dense
    They decrease cillia activity and paches of cilliated cells slough off.
    Some bronchioles become completly ovstructed resulting in small area of collapes lung
    Toxins releases kill epithelial cells
    Pertussis
  31. Caused by Legionella pneumophila
    Legionnaires Disease
  32. This bacteria can survive in the phagocytes then mulitply in the phagocyte and are released after death of the phagocyte
    This results in tissue death of alveoli which cause multiple small abscesses in the lungs. Bacteremia is also common
    The same bacteria causes a milder form called Pontiac fever
    Legionnaires Disease
  33. Reservior naturally found in enviornment usually in water. Especially like warm water enviroments hot tubes cooling towers A/C system in lg. buildings
    incubation period 2 to 10 days
    symptoms muscle aches, headaches fever cough chest pain.
    Healthy people resistant to infection smokers and those with chronic diseases such as cancer heart lung and kidney diseases are most susceptible
    Legionnaires Disease
Author
jessem30
ID
155155
Card Set
Microbiology
Description
Microbiology mini mester spc
Updated