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What is the term for a subjective feeling of complaint (i.e. pain, warmth, palpitations)?
- Symptom
- *Cheif Complaint is considered a symptom
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What is the term for an objective finding or evidence (i.e. tenderness, fever, tachycardia)?
Sign
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What are components of history taking?
- 1. Chief Complaint - main reason / symptoms the patient is in your clinic
- 2. HPI (History of Present Illness) - "OPQRST" (please refer to Clinical Counseling for details)
- 3. PMHx (Past Medical History)
- 4. Medications
- 5. Allergies
- 6. Family History
- 7. Social History
- 8. ROS (Review of Systems) - "10 Questions"
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Please identify the Tinea's and their respective locations?
*Fungus is typically found on the outer part of the body
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What are Shingles? What is another name for this term? Where is its distribution?
- A painful, blistering skin rash due to the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox.
- Distribution: unilateral dermatomal pattern
- Complication: Post-Herpetic Neuralgia
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What types of cancer can affect the skin?
- Basal Cell Carcinoma - benign cancerous growth found primarily on the face (found above LI-20 / ala nasae)
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma - more aggressive cancerous growth found mostly on the upper back, upper arms and on the face (below LI-20 / ala nasae)
- Actinic Keratosis (AK) - pre-cancerous skin condition
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A common skin condition affecting teens?
Acne - due to the bacteria acne vulgaris
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When a light is shined on one eye there is contraction (pupilary reflex), but the other eye also contracts. What is the term for this response?
Consensual Reflex
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An eye doctor preforms what is called a Red Reflex / Dilating Exam. What patients get this most?
Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
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What is the name of the condition associated with Increased Intraocular Pressure?
Glaucoma
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What is the name of the condition associated with Loss of Central Vision?
Cataracts
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What is the name of the condition associated with Eye Deviation?
Strabismus (most common - eye deviating medially)
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What is the name of the condition associated with Near Vision?
Myopia
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What is this disease called when both tinnitus and vertigo occur at the same time?
Meniere's Disease (both hearing and balance deficit)
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What are good signs when examining any lump?
- Symmetrical
- Circular / Nodular / Smooth
- Soft, Fluid filled (cyst)
- Tender - inflammation
- Mobile
- Regular Edges
- Same Size
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What are bad signs when examining any lump?
- Asymmetrical
- Irregular, not smooth contours
- Firm / Hard
- Non-tender - cancerous
- Fixed
- Jagged Edges
- Change in size
- "Dimpling" - think cancer
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How often should breast exam be done (self or otherwise)?
Once a month
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How often should mammograms be done in young women?
Never, unless otherwise indicated
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What month during pregnancy does the mother start producing milk?
2nd Month
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Which two hormones are responsible for breast milk production and stimulates secretion, respectively?
- Prolactin - production
- Oxytocin - secretion (also stimulate uterine contraction during labor)
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Clear to yellow fluid found in breast milk that contains the maternal antibodies vital for providing immunity in the neonate's (baby) first few months of life.
Colostrum
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A 26 year old female with bilateral nipple discharge with swollen breasts. What does she have?
Prolactinoma
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What can you tell me about Fibrocystic Disease?
It is not actually a disease, a physiological change over time (age)
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Rash / ulceration found in the area of the fold of breast.
Intertrigo
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5 year old child with high fever that is pulling and tugging on the ear a lot. Shining a light into the ear you see swelling of the ear drum. What is the diagnosis?
Otitis Media
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Hard fixed non-tender lump on the right side of the neck. What is the next step?
Refer out
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Name the Cranial Nerves, in order. Sensory? Motor? Both?
- Olfactory (S)
- Optic (S)
- Oculomotor (M)
- Trochlear (M)
- Trigeminal (S)
- Abducens (M)
- Facial (M)
- Auditory (Vestibulocochlear) (S)
- Glossopharyngeal (S)
- Vagus (B)
- Accesory Nerve (Spinal) (M)
- Hypoglossal (M)
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Cranial Nerve VI (6) is responsible for what?
Lateral Eye Movement
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